Animal empathy reconsidered: a multidimensional profile account
ABSTRACT Empathy is the glue that holds societies together and yet several fundamental questions about empathy persist. What is empathy (the definitional question)? Is it uniquely human and, if not, which nonhuman animals possess empathy (the distribution question)? Which type or quality of empathy is realized in different species (the quality question)
Albert Newen +5 more
wiley +1 more source
ABSTRACT As firms increasingly incorporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) concerns into their strategic agendas, stakeholder legitimacy—an audience‐conferred judgment of organizational appropriateness—has become pivotal. We theorize legitimacy as expanding a hybrid response portfolio in which firms may pursue substantive change (business ...
Min‐Jae Lee +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Ascorbic acid specifically reduces the misclassification of nonirritating reactive chemicals in the OptiSafe™ macromolecular eye irritation test. [PDF]
Lebrun S +4 more
europepmc +1 more source
A Critical Analysis of Microsoft's Rhetoric and Reality of Sustainability Engagement
ABSTRACT This study critically examines Microsoft's environmental, social and governance (ESG) rhetoric and operational reality, to offer insights that extend beyond conventional greenwashing or bluewashing. Drawing on over 20 years of Microsoft's sustainability reports (2003–2024), third‐party ESG evaluations and media investigations, it employs ...
Omaima A. G. Hassan, Iqbal Khadaroo
wiley +1 more source
Modeling the antioxidant properties of the eye reduces the false-positive rate of a nonanimal eye irritation test (OptiSafe). [PDF]
Lebrun SJ +4 more
europepmc +1 more source
Rabbit Eye Irritation Test: Collaborative Study
Abstract The well known Draize rabbit eye irritation test was evaluated. Ten laboratories (3 government, 3 industrial, and 4 commercial) participated and 7 liquid materials were tested. Tests were conducted 2 at a time, using 1 of 6 different materials with the same control substance (70% isopropyl alcohol), for a total of 12 tests. Test
Dennis I Ruggles, Francis N Marzulli
openaire +1 more source
ABSTRACT Despite the global emphasis on simultaneous achievement of higher growth and lower pollution (green growth), the dynamic link between eco‐innovation and CO2 emissions remains inadequately understood globally and specifically in Africa, with a complex and diverse institutional and regulatory landscape.
Idorenyin J. Okon +2 more
wiley +1 more source
ABSTRACT Industrial clusters are central to the circular economy transition, yet how they develop into eco‐clusters and the paradoxical tensions this transformation fuels remain underexplored. Drawing on 48 in‐depth interviews and secondary data from a Turkish textile‐recycling cluster, we develop an empirically grounded model of eco‐cluster transition
Tulin Dzhengiz +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Same-chemical comparison of nonanimal eye irritation test methods: Bovine corneal opacity and permeability, EpiOcular™, isolated chicken eye, ocular Irritection®, OptiSafe™, and short time exposure. [PDF]
Lebrun S +6 more
europepmc +1 more source
From Confusion to Clarity: A Multi‐Stage Process Framework for Understanding Consumer Confusion
ABSTRACT This paper reconceptualizes consumer confusion as a multi‐stage temporal process rather than a static outcome, addressing theoretical fragmentation in existing antecedent‐consequence models. By integrating cognitive appraisal, contextual amplification, and adaptive coping within a unified framework, we explain how confusion unfolds rather than
Fatih Celik, Erdogan Koc
wiley +1 more source

