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Imaging in Graves' Orbitopathy
Orbit, 2009In patients with Graves' orbitopathy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a useful tool to distinguish the acute inflammatory active disease in demonstrating interstitial edema within the extraocular muscles on coronal TIRM-sequences from fibrotic, inactive endstage disease. MRI is the modality of choice to identify active inflammatory changes in order
Kirsch, Eberhard +2 more
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Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde, 2011
Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is part of an autoimmune systemic disease (prevalence of 0.5 - 2%) which is composed of hyperthyroidism, orbitopathy, dermopathy and acropachy. Stimulating antibodies against the TSH receptor plays the central pathogenetic role and high levels indicate the risk of a severe course of the disease. The main symproms of GO comprise
A, Eckstein, J, Esser
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Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is part of an autoimmune systemic disease (prevalence of 0.5 - 2%) which is composed of hyperthyroidism, orbitopathy, dermopathy and acropachy. Stimulating antibodies against the TSH receptor plays the central pathogenetic role and high levels indicate the risk of a severe course of the disease. The main symproms of GO comprise
A, Eckstein, J, Esser
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Evaluating Graves’ Orbitopathy
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2012Graves' Orbitopathy (GO) is an immune-mediated disorder causing inflammation and expansion of orbital fat and muscle. The resulting spectrum of ocular and orbital changes may cause significant visual and cosmetic morbidity and are graded as disease severity.
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Graves' orbitopathy: a multidisciplinary approach
The Quarterly Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, 2021Orbitopathy is the main extra thyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease. It is a very challenging condition, which requires a cooperation between many specialists (endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, radiologists, radiotherapeutic, orbital surgeons) for an optimal clinical management.
Limone, Paolo P +6 more
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Graves orbitopathy: a perspective
Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 2009Advances in the past few years have helped clinicians understand some of the pathogenetic mechanisms of Graves orbitopathy (GO), particularly the role of receptors for TSH and insulin-like growth factor I in the orbit. Optimal treatment strategies have been formulated and published by the European Group on Graves' Orbitopathy, which are hoped to ...
Petros, Perros, Gerasimos E, Krassas
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Neuroimaging of Graves’ orbitopathy
Best Practice & Research Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2012Neuroimaging of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) plays an important role in the differential diagnosis and interdisciplinary management of patients with GO. Orbital imaging is required in unclear or asymmetric proptosis, in suspected optic neuropathy and prior to decompression surgery. Especially computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging show the
Wibke, Müller-Forell, George J, Kahaly
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Medical Treatment of Graves’ Orbitopathy
Hormone and Metabolic Research, 2015The medical treatment of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is usually reserved to moderate to severe disease. Steroids have been widely employed and possess anti-inflammatory activity, but about 20-30% of patients are not responsive and about 20% present with disease recurrence.
M, Salvi, I, Campi
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VISA Classification for Graves Orbitopathy
Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2006One of the challenges in Graves orbitopathy (GO) is how to classify and grade its various clinical manifestations. For example, the four patients shown in Figure 1 have severe complications of GO, but their cosmetic and functional deficits and associated treatment needs are quite different.
Peter J, Dolman, Jack, Rootman
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Orvosi hetilap, 2006
Graves' orbitopathy or thyroid associated orbitopathy is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease with autoimmune mechanism which is still incompletely understood. The epidemiologic data provided evidence that severe, infiltrative orbitopathy is present in 3-5% of patients, and the quality of life is impaired even in ...
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Graves' orbitopathy or thyroid associated orbitopathy is the most frequent extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease with autoimmune mechanism which is still incompletely understood. The epidemiologic data provided evidence that severe, infiltrative orbitopathy is present in 3-5% of patients, and the quality of life is impaired even in ...
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