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The unforeseeable hammerhead ribozyme [PDF]
F1000 Biology Reports, 2009 Despite its small size, the complex behavior of the hammerhead ribozyme keeps surprising us, even more than 20 years after its discovery. Here, we summarize recent developments in the field, in particular the discovery of the first split hammerhead ribozyme.
Christian Hammann, Eric Westhof
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The ubiquitous hammerhead ribozyme. [PDF]
RNA, 2012 The hammerhead ribozyme is a small catalytic RNA motif capable of endonucleolytic (self-) cleavage. It is composed of a catalytic core of conserved nucleotides flanked by three helices, two of which form essential tertiary interactions for fast self-scission under physiological conditions. Originally discovered in subviral plant pathogens, its presence
Hammann C +3 more
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The hammerhead ribozyme: structure, catalysis, and gene regulation. [PDF]
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci, 2013 The hammerhead ribozyme has long been considered a prototype for understanding RNA catalysis, but discrepancies between the earlier crystal structures of a minimal hammerhead self-cleaving motif and various biochemical investigations frustrated attempt to understand hammerhead ribozyme catalysis in terms of structure. With the discovery that a tertiary
Scott WG, Horan LH, Martick M.
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Effects of lipid membranes on RNA catalytic activity and stability. [PDF]
Biol CellThis study explores how lipid membranes influence the activity and stability of natural ribozymes. We found that lipid membranes can both decrease and enhance ribozyme activity. We also observed that lipid membranes promote RNA degradation, depending on lipid composition and membrane fluidity.
Czerniak T, Saenz JP.
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PAM-relaxed and temperature-tolerant CRISPR-Mb3Cas12a single transcript unit systems for efficient singular and multiplexed genome editing in rice, maize, and tomato. [PDF]
Plant Biotechnol JSummary Class 2 Type V‐A CRISPR‐Cas (Cas12a) nucleases are powerful genome editing tools, particularly effective in A/T‐rich genomic regions, complementing the widely used CRISPR‐Cas9 in plants. To enhance the utility of Cas12a, we investigate three Cas12a orthologs—Mb3Cas12a, PrCas12a, and HkCas12a—in plants.
Liu S +13 more
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Enhanced product stability in the hammerhead ribozyme. [PDF]
Biochemistry, 2010 The rate of dissociation of P1, the 5' product of hammerhead cleavage, is 100-300-fold slower in full-length hammerheads than in hammerheads that either lack or have disrupting mutations in the loop-loop tertiary interaction. The added stability requires the presence of residue 17 at the 3' terminus of P1 but not the 2', 3' terminal phosphate.
Shepotinovskaya I, Uhlenbeck OC.
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Cryoenzymology of the hammerhead ribozyme [PDF]
RNA, 1998 The technique of cryoenzymology has been applied to the hammerhead ribozyme in an attempt to uncover a structural rearrangement step prior to cleavage. Several cryosolvents were tested and 40% (v/v) methanol in water was found to perturb the system only minimally.
Olke C. Uhlenbeck +2 more
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Hammerhead ribozyme kinetics [PDF]
RNA, 1998 The hammerhead ribozyme is a small RNA motif that self cleaves at a specific phosphodiester bond to produce 2′,3′ cyclic phosphate and 5′ hydroxyl termini (Hutchins et al., 1986; Forster & Symons, 1987a). The secondary structure of the hammerhead consists of three helices of arbitrary sequence and length (designated I, II, and III) that intersect at 15
Tracy K. Stage-Zimmermann +1 more
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Cold Denaturation of the Hammerhead Ribozyme [PDF]
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2002 Cold denaturation is a thermodynamic phenomenon resulting from a difference in the heat capacities, DeltaCp, of the folded and unfolded states of a macromolecule. Whereas this phenomenon has been extensively studied in proteins, it has been thought not to occur in nucleic acids due to a negligible DeltaCp of folding.
Andrew L. Feig, Peter J. Mikulecky
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Intronic hammerhead ribozymes in mRNA biogenesis [PDF]
bchm, 2012 Abstract Small self-cleaving ribozymes are a group of natural RNAs that are capable of catalyzing their own and sequence-specific endonucleolytic cleavage. One of the most studied members is the hammerhead ribozyme (HHR), a catalytic RNA originally discovered in subviral plant pathogens but recently shown to reside in a myriad of genomes
García Robles, Inmaculada +2 more
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