Results 31 to 40 of about 530 (158)
Handwritten Versus Typed Notes: The Impact of Note‐Taking Modes in Second Language Listening Tests
TESOL Quarterly, EarlyView.Abstract Technological advancements have influenced note‐taking practices in classrooms as well as their treatment in standardized language assessments. Many high‐stakes English listening tests (e.g., TOEFL iBT, IELTS) include varying note‐taking guidelines, often established without empirical support.
Jieun Kim
wiley +1 more source
Segmentation of Arabic Handwritten Documents into Text Lines using Watershed Transform
International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, 2017 A crucial task in character recognition systems is the segmentation of the document into text lines and especially if it is handwritten. When dealing with non-Latin document such as Arabic, the challenge becomes greater since in addition to the ...
Abdelghani Souhar +3 more
doaj +1 more source
A Multi-Agent Approach to Segment Arabic Handwritten Text Lines
International Journal of Cognitive Informatics and Natural Intelligence, 2020 In text line segmentation, there are three classes of methods: either by sorting physical units such as pixels or connected components (CC) constituting a line or by searching for the baseline of each word and grouping together those who participate in the same line. The third class analyzes the separation locations between the lines. After an overview
Mohsine Elkhayati +2 more
openaire +2 more sources
CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Handwritten Dongba Character Recognition (HDCR) contains a large number of visually similar characters with subtle and fragile edge cues, posing severe challenges to feature learning. To address this issue, an Edge Channel Aggregation Network (EdgeCANet) model is proposed.
Xiali Li +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Segmentation of Handwritten Document Images into Text Lines [PDF]
, 2011 There are many governmental, cultural, commercial and educational organizations that manage large number of manuscript textual information. Since the management of information recorded on paper or scanned documents is a hard and time-consuming task, Document Image Analysis (DIA) aims to extract the intended information as a human would (Nagy, 2000 ...
Vassilis Katsouros +1 more
openaire +1 more source
Commercial treaties and political transformation in Sulu and Southeast Asian littorals, c. 1830–1840
Asia‐Pacific Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract This article re‐examines an economic treaty concluded between Spain and the Sulu Sultanate in 1836. Analysing the Tausug (Jawi) and Spanish treaty versions alongside archival sources from Spain, the Philippines, and England, it traces the impact of indigenous agency beyond the formal signatories on economic and political transformations ...
Eleonora Poggio +2 more
wiley +1 more source
ENHANCING DEGRADED HANDWRITTEN DOCUMENT RECOGNITION USING RESNET BASED CRNN MODEL WITH OPTIMIZED IMAGE ENHANCEMENT [PDF]
ICTACT Journal on Image and Video ProcessingHandwritten text recognition in degraded documents remains a major challenge in document image analysis due to factors such as noise, handwriting variability, uneven lighting, faded ink, and physical distortions in historical or low-quality scans ...
M. Antony Sheela, J. Jencewin, S.L. Rinu
doaj +1 more source
Class Angular Distortion Index for Dimensionality Reduction
Computer Graphics Forum, EarlyView.Abstract Dimensionality reduction (DR) techniques are often characterized by whether they preserve global, high‐level structures in the data or local, neighborhood structures. This distinction matters in visualization: global methods can obscure clusters while local methods can over‐emphasize them.
Kaviru Gunaratne +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Single Line Drawing Generation via Semantics‐Driven Optimization
Computer Graphics Forum, EarlyView.We present a method for automatically generating single‐line drawings in vector format, guided by a text prompt or an input image. Our approach leverages score distillation sampling to optimize the parameters of a uniform rational B‐spline (URBS) curve, ensuring that the drawing consists of a single continuous stroke by design.
Tanguy Magne +3 more
wiley +1 more source
JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, EarlyView.Abstract This article examines the section on European integration in the Joint Declaration by British Prime Minister John Major and his Irish counterpart Taoiseach Albert Reynolds in 1993. The Joint Declaration, also known as the ‘Downing Street Declaration’, was a pivotal moment in the Northern Ireland peace process.
Conor J. Kelly +3 more
wiley +1 more source