Hate speech operationalization: a preliminary examination of hate speech indicators and their structure [PDF]
Complex & Intelligent Systems, 2021 Hate speech should be tackled and prosecuted based on how it is operationalized. However, the existing theoretical definitions of hate speech are not sufficiently fleshed out or easily operable.
Jana Papcunová +9 more
doaj +4 more sources
Mapping the scientific knowledge and approaches to defining and measuring hate crime, hate speech, and hate incidents: A systematic review [PDF]
Campbell Systematic ReviewsBackground The difficulties in defining hate crime, hate incidents and hate speech, and in finding a common conceptual basis constitute a key barrier toward operationalisation in research, policy and programming. Definitions disagree about issues such as
Vergani M +8 more
exaly +3 more sources
Hate speech detection with ADHAR: a multi-dialectal hate speech corpus in Arabic
Frontiers in Artificial IntelligenceHate speech detection in Arabic poses a complex challenge due to the dialectal diversity across the Arab world. Most existing hate speech datasets for Arabic cover only one dialect or one hate speech category.
Anis Charfi +4 more
doaj +4 more sources
A comprehensive framework for multi-modal hate speech detection in social media using deep learning. [PDF]
Sci RepAs social media platforms evolve, hate speech increasingly manifests across multiple modalities, including text, images, audio, and video, challenging traditional detection systems focused on single modalities. Hence, this research proposes a novel Multi-
Prabhu R, Seethalakshmi V.
europepmc +2 more sources
Multimodal hate speech detection: a novel deep learning framework for multilingual text and images. [PDF]
PeerJ Comput SciThe rapid proliferation of social media platforms has facilitated the expression of opinions but also enabled the spread of hate speech. Detecting multimodal hate speech in low-resource multilingual contexts poses significant challenges.
Saddozai FK +4 more
europepmc +2 more sources
A Literature Review of Textual Hate Speech Detection Methods and Datasets
Information, 2022 Online toxic discourses could result in conflicts between groups or harm to online communities. Hate speech is complex and multifaceted harmful or offensive content targeting individuals or groups.
Fatimah Alkomah, Xiaogang Ma
doaj +3 more sources
Predicting the victims of hate speech on microblogging platforms [PDF]
HeliyonHate speech constitutes a major problem on microblogging platforms, with automatic detection being a growing research area. Most existing works focus on analyzing the content of social media posts.
Sahrish Khan +6 more
doaj +2 more sources
Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, 2020 With the ongoing debate on 'freedom of speech' vs. 'hate speech,' there is an urgent need to carefully understand the consequences of the inevitable culmination of the two, i.e., 'freedom of hate speech' over time. An ideal scenario to understand this would be to observe the effects of hate speech in an (almost) unrestricted environment.
Soumya Sarkar, Animesh Mukherjee
exaly +3 more sources
A comparative study of the characteristics of hate speech propagators and their behaviours over Twitter social media platform [PDF]
Heliyon, 2023 The internet and social media have facilitated diverse communication genres, enabling widespread and rapid opinions-sharing. However, hate speech imposes a contemporary challenge on individuals and communities, given the user anonymity, freedom, and ...
Suresha Perera +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
Hate speech detection in the Arabic language: corpus design, construction, and evaluation. [PDF]
Front Artif IntellHate Speech Detection in Arabic presents a multifaceted challenge due to the broad and diverse linguistic terrain. With its multiple dialects and rich cultural subtleties, Arabic requires particular measures to address hate speech online successfully. To
Ahmad A +6 more
europepmc +2 more sources