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Nutrient-induced insulin resistance
Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, 1999Impaired function of the hormone insulin (insulin resistance) is a major feature of type 2 diabetes, a condition that is expected to afflict over 200 million people by early next century. Intensive investigation has failed to find a genetic basis for insulin resistance in the majority of cases.
J, Proietto +3 more
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Signaling in Induced Resistance
2010Induced mechanisms are by definition imperceptible or less active in uninfected, unstressed, or untreated plants, but can be activated by pathogen infection, stress, or chemical treatment to inhibit the replication and movement of virus in the host. In contrast, defenses that are pre-existing or serve to limit virus propagation and spread in otherwise ...
John P, Carr +2 more
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Resistance‐induced antibiotic substitution
Health Economics, 2003AbstractIn many cases, physicians prescribe antibiotics without knowing whether an individual patient is infected with a susceptible or resistant pathogen. As the proportion of resistant organisms in a community increases, physicians substitute away from older‐inexpensive drugs to newer, more expensive agents as first line therapy.
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2000
Induced resistance is the phenomenon in which a plant, once appropriately stimulated, exhibits an enhanced resistance upon “challenge” inoculation with a pathogen. Induced resistance can be localized as well as systemic, and can be induced by limited pathogen infection, avirulent pathogens, certain non-pathogenic bacteria, and certain chemicals ...
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Induced resistance is the phenomenon in which a plant, once appropriately stimulated, exhibits an enhanced resistance upon “challenge” inoculation with a pathogen. Induced resistance can be localized as well as systemic, and can be induced by limited pathogen infection, avirulent pathogens, certain non-pathogenic bacteria, and certain chemicals ...
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Adaptive response and induced resistance
Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series III - Sciences de la Vie, 1999Cellular stress responses are upregulated following exposure to radiation and other DNA-damaging agents. Therefore radiation response can be dose dependent so that small acute exposures (and possibly exposures at very low dose rates?) are more lethal per unit dose than larger exposures above a threshold (typically 10-40 cGy) where induced ...
M C, Joiner, P, Lambin, B, Marples
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Ecological costs of induced resistance [PDF]
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2002 There has been rapid progress in detecting the genetic or allocation costs of induced resistance. In addition to these 'internal' costs, ecological costs may result from external mechanisms, that is, from the detrimental effects of resistance on the plant's interactions with its environment. All evolutionarily relevant costs affect a plant's ability to
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Fat-induced liver insulin resistance
Current Diabetes Reports, 2003In vitro studies have established that free fatty acids (FFAs) are important regulators of hepatic glucose metabolism. FFAs can increase hepatic glucose release by increasing the amount and activity of glucose-6-phosphatase and multiple gluconeogenic enzymes.
Pankaj, Shah +2 more
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2007
During the co-evolution of plants and their pathogens, the pathogens developed a wide variety of strategies to infect and exploit their hosts. In response to this pressure, plants countered by deploying a range of defense mechanisms. Some of these are conceptually simple, for example defenses based on physical barriers such as the cell wall or cuticle,
A. Gilliland, A. M. Murphy, J. P. Carr
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During the co-evolution of plants and their pathogens, the pathogens developed a wide variety of strategies to infect and exploit their hosts. In response to this pressure, plants countered by deploying a range of defense mechanisms. Some of these are conceptually simple, for example defenses based on physical barriers such as the cell wall or cuticle,
A. Gilliland, A. M. Murphy, J. P. Carr
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Benzothiadiazole-Induced Resistance Modulates Ozone Tolerance
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2003The effects of ozone on bean plants pretreated with the SAR activator benzothiadiazole (BTH) have been investigated after fumigations with an acute dose of the pollutant (200 nL x L(-1) for 4 h), carried out at different times from BTH application. BTH pretreatment induced opposite effects on bean susceptibility to O(3), depending on the time elapsed ...
M. Iriti +3 more
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Local Lesions and Induced Resistance
2009The local lesion phenomenon is one of the most notable resistance mechanisms where virus after multiplying in several hundred cells around the point of entry, does not continue to spread and remains in a local infection. Several types of local lesions are known, inter alia, necrotic, chlorotic, and starch lesions.
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