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Transmission of influenza A in human beings [PDF]
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Tang, JW, Li, Y
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A Review on Equine Influenza from a Human Influenza Perspective [PDF]
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) have a main natural reservoir in wild birds. IAVs are highly contagious, continually evolve, and have a wide host range that includes various mammalian species including horses, pigs, and humans. Furthering our understanding of host-pathogen interactions and cross-species transmissions is therefore essential.
Whitlock, Fleur+2 more
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Human Influenza Epidemiology [PDF]
Influenza virus infections are common in people of all ages. Epidemics occur in the winter months in temperate locations and at varying times of the year in subtropical and tropical locations. Most influenza virus infections cause mild and self-limiting disease, and around one-half of all infections occur with a fever.
Sukhyun Ryu, Benjamin J. Cowling
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The human side of influenza [PDF]
Abstract Review of immunity to influenza virus infection in humans, noting evidence from murine studies and suggesting directions in which future research is most needed. A clear understanding of immunity in individuals infected with influenza virus is critical for the design of effective vaccination and treatment ...
Christine M. Oshansky, Paul G. Thomas
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Immunity to Influenza Infection in Humans [PDF]
This review discusses the human immune responses to influenza infection with some insights from studies using animal models, such as experimental infection of mice. Recent technological advances in the study of human immune responses have greatly added to our knowledge of the infection and immune responses, and therefore much of the focus is on recent ...
Topham, David J.+4 more
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Pathology of human influenza revisited [PDF]
The pathology of human influenza has been studied most intensively during the three pandemics of the last century, the last of which occurred in 1968. It is important to revisit this subject because of the recent emergence of avian H5N1 influenza in humans as well as the threat of a new pandemic.
Thijs Kuiken, Jeffery K. Taubenberger
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Human Genes and Influenza [PDF]
Why some individuals resist infection or recover quickly, whereas others experience severe disease associated with infection, is a fundamental question that medicine has struggled to answer. Pathogens and host immune factors have been extensively investigated for many infectious diseases, to address these questions.
Peter Palese, Samira Mubareka
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Human Influenza Virus Infections [PDF]
Seasonal and pandemic influenza are the two faces of respiratory infections caused by influenza viruses in humans. As seasonal influenza occurs on an annual basis, the circulating virus strains are closely monitored and a yearly updated vaccination is provided, especially to identified risk populations. Nonetheless, influenza virus infection may result
Christin Peteranderl+2 more
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The evolution of human influenza viruses [PDF]
The evolution of influenza viruses results in (i) recurrent annual epidemics of disease that are caused by progressive antigenic drift of influenza A and B viruses due to the mutability of the RNA genome and (ii) infrequent but severe pandemics caused by the emergence of novel influenza A subtypes to which the population has little immunity. The latter
A. R. Douglas+3 more
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