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Towards improved influenza A virus surveillance in migrating birds
Vaccine, 2006The last decade has seen a marked increase in highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks around the world. This increase and the zoonotic potential of some of the HPAI viruses are of great concern to animal and public health as well as biodiversity.
Munster, VJ (Vincent) +5 more
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Influenza Viruses in Birds of the Atlantic Flyway
Avian Diseases, 1992Isolation of type A influenza viruses from the feces of 5013 birds of 16 species was attempted during a 33-month study (1977-79). Seventy viruses were isolated from the feces of 3403 ring-billed gulls in Baltimore, Md., during 16 months of sampling. Six hemagglutinin (HA) subtypes and seven neuraminidase (NA) subtypes in 15 combinations were found. The
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Spatial transmission of avian influenza (type H5) in birds
Integrative Zoology, 2009AbstractHighly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 continues to threaten domestic and wild birds, as well as human health. However, the mechanism of spatial transmission of HPAI is still unclear. We analyzed the current distribution of HPAI occurrences based on World Organization for Animal Health reported data from 3049 sites in the world from ...
Xinhai, Li +3 more
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Influenza virus subtypes in aquatic birds of eastern Germany
Archives of Virology, 1994We report the findings of a 12-year surveillance study (1977-89) of avian influenza A viruses in eastern Germany. Viruses were isolated directly from feral ducks (n = 236) and other wild birds (n = 89); from domestic ducks (n = 735) living on a single farm; and from white Pekin ducks (n = 193) used as sentinels for populations of wild aquatic birds ...
J, Süss +3 more
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Highly Pathogenic H5N1 Influenza Virus Infection in Migratory Birds
Science, 2005H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) has emerged as a pathogenic entity for a variety of species, including humans, in recent years. Here we report an outbreak among migratory birds on Lake Qinghaihu, China, in May and June 2005, in which more than a thousand birds were affected.
J, Liu +13 more
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A review of avian influenza in different bird species
Veterinary Microbiology, 2000Only type A influenza viruses are known to cause natural infections in birds, but viruses of all 15 haemagglutinin and all nine neuraminidase influenza A subtypes in the majority of possible combinations have been isolated from avian species. Influenza A viruses infecting poultry can be divided into two distinct groups on the basis of their ability to ...
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Host range of avian influenza virus in free-living birds
Veterinary Research Communications, 1988Isolation of avian influenza virus (AIV) has been reported from 12 orders and 88 species of free-living birds. Most isolations are reported from species in the orders Anseriformes and Charadriiformes and it is recognized that species in Anseriformes represent important reservoirs of AIV.
D E, Stallknecht, S M, Shane
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Role of Migratory Birds in Spreading Influenza Viruses
2014The major source of several influenza viruses in other species are aquatic birds. Long distances travel is carried out by many migratory bird species between their breeding grounds and non-breeding areas. These migratory birds as well as wild birds are considered as reservoirs of majority of influenza A viruses.
Sanjay Kapoor, Kuldeep Dhama
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Influenza in birds and other animals
2015There are three types of influenza viruses: A, B, and C ; and the latter two are primarily of a human health importance. In contrast, influenza A viruses have been isolated from a variety of birds and mammals, nevertheless the natural hosts of the virus are wild waterfowls, gulls and related birds.
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Influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2: pathogenesis and host responses in the respiratory tract
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2021David F Boyd +2 more
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