Results 91 to 100 of about 49,636 (297)

Comparing mortality between positive and negative blood culture results: an inverse probability of treatment weighting analysis of a multicenter cohort

BMC Infectious Diseases, 2021
Background The association between blood culture status and mortality among sepsis patients remains controversial hence we conducted a tri-center retrospective cohort study to compare the early and late mortality of culture-negative versus culture ...
Aibo Liu, Chia-Hung Yo, Lu Nie, Hua Yu, Kuihai Wu, Hoi Sin Tong, Tzu-Chun Hsu, Wan-Ting Hsu, Chien-Chang Lee   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Inverse-Probability-Weighted Estimation for Monotone and Nonmonotone Missing Data [PDF]

American Journal of Epidemiology, 2017
Missing data is a common occurrence in epidemiologic research. In this paper, 3 data sets with induced missing values from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a multisite US study conducted from 1959 to 1974, are provided as examples of prototypical epidemiologic studies with missing data.
BaoLuo, Sun, Neil J, Perkins, Stephen R, Cole, Ofer, Harel, Emily M, Mitchell, Enrique F, Schisterman, Eric J, Tchetgen Tchetgen   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Symbolic Regression and Multi‐Objective Optimization of the Flory–Huggins Interaction Parameter for Hydrogels

Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
We develop a data‐driven method to derive the mathematical expressions of the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter χ for the swelling behavior of temperature–responsive hydrogels. Starting from initial assumptions of χ, our workflow combines Bayesian optimization, Flory–Rehner theory, and symbolic regression to generate candidate χ expressions.
Yawen Wang, Adrian Ehrenhofer, Thomas Wallmersperger   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Pragmatic trials: ignoring a mediator and adjusting for confounding

BMC Research Notes, 2019
Objectives In pragmatic trials, the new treatment is compared with usual care (heterogeneous control arm) that makes the comparison of the new treatment with each treatment within the control arm more difficult.
Paraskevi Pericleous
doaj   +1 more source

Microstructure Reconstruction in Battery Electrodes Using Machine Learning Based on Low‐Voltage Focused Ion Beam–Scanning Electron Microscopy Tomography Images

Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
Low‐voltage FIB‐SEM tomography combined with a image preprocessing pipeline improves phase contrast and enables reliable machine‐learning segmentation of conductive networks in lithium‐ion battery electrodes. Structural descriptors are extracted from segmented images, done semimanually and automated, and compared.
Lisa Beran, Vincent Nebel, Dominik Perius, Kshitij Kumar, Yannis Heim, Laura Bies, Tobias Kraus   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Note on the Relation of Weighting and Matching Estimators [PDF]

This paper compares the inverse-probability-of-selection-weighting estimation principle with the matching principle and derives conditions for weighting and matching to identify the same and the true distribution, respectively.
Michael Lechner
core  

Designing Polymer Nanocomposites for X‐Ray Shielding: Mechanisms, Architectures, and Scalable Processing

Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
This review highlights advances in lightweight, lead‐free polymer nanocomposites for diagnostic X‐ray shielding. By linking filler chemistry, dispersion, architecture, and photon interaction mechanisms, it establishes structure–performance relationships guiding material design.
Aklilu G. Messele, Hossein Ipakchi, Tizazu H. Mekonnen   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Non-collapsibility and built-in selection bias of period-specific and conventional hazard ratio in randomized controlled trials

BMC Medical Research Methodology
Background The hazard ratio of the Cox proportional hazards model is widely used in randomized controlled trials to assess treatment effects. However, two properties of the hazard ratio including the non-collapsibility and built-in selection bias need to
Helen Bian, Menglan Pang, Guanbo Wang, Zihang Lu   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Propensity Score Weighting for Causal Inference with Clustered Data

Journal of Causal Inference, 2018
Propensity score weighting is a tool for causal inference to adjust for measured confounders in observational studies. In practice, data often present complex structures, such as clustering, which make propensity score modeling and estimation challenging.
Yang Shu
doaj   +1 more source

Parametric Weighting Functions [PDF]

This paper provides behavioral foundations for parametric weighting functions under rankdependent utility. This is achieved by decomposing the independence axiom of expected utility into separate meaningful properties.
Diecidue, Enrico, Zank, Horst, Schmidt, Ulrich   +2 more
core