Results 121 to 130 of about 7,380 (166)

Microcystin-LR and chemically degraded microcystin-LR electrochemical oxidation

The Analyst, 2012
Microcystins (MCs) are cyclic hepatotoxic heptapeptides produced by certain strains of freshwater cyanobacteria toxic for humans and animals. The electrochemical behaviour of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) at a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV ...
Ilanna C, Lopes, Paulina V F, Santos, Victor C, Diculescu, Francisco M P, Peixoto, Mário C U, Araújo, Auro A, Tanaka, Ana Maria, Oliveira-Brett   +6 more
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the toxicology of microcystins

Toxicon, 1998
Microcystins are a family of more than 50 structurally similar hepatotoxins produced by species of freshwater cyanobacteria, primarily Microcystis aeruginosa. They are monocyclic heptapeptides, characterised by some invariant amino acids, including one of unusual structure which is essential for expression of toxicity.
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Methods for determining microcystins (peptide hepatotoxins) and microcystin-producing cyanobacteria

Water Research, 2006
Episodes of cyanobacterial toxic blooms and fatalities to animals and humans due to cyanobacterial toxins (CBT) are known worldwide. The hepatotoxins and neurotoxins (cyanotoxins) produced by bloom-forming cyanobacteria have been the cause of human and animal health hazards and even death.
Lalita N, Sangolkar, Sarika S, Maske, Tapan, Chakrabarti   +2 more
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Decomposition of Microcystin-LR, Microcystin-RR, and Microcystin-YR in Water Samples Submitted to in Vitro Dissolution Tests

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004
The presence of cyanobacterial toxins (microcystins) in waters and food increases the risk of toxicity to animal and human health. These toxins can degrade in the human gastrointestinal tract before they are absorbed. To evaluate this possible degradation, water samples spiked with known concentrations of microcystins MC-LR, MC-RR, and MC-YR, which are
Isabel M, Moreno, Judith, Maraver, Esther C, Aguete, Manel, Leao, Ana, Gago-Martínez, Ana M, Cameán   +5 more
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The biological functions of microcystins

Water Research
Microcystins are potent hepatotoxins predominantly produced by bloom-forming freshwater cyanobacteria (e.g., Microcystis, Planktothrix, Dolichospermum). Microcystin biosynthesis involves large multienzyme complexes and tailoring enzymes encoded by the mcy gene cluster. Mutation, recombination, and deletion events have shaped the mcy gene cluster in the
Nian Wei, Chenlin Hu, Elke Dittmann, Lirong Song, Nanqin Gan   +4 more
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Cyclosporine A inhibition of microcystin toxins

Toxicon, 1990
Cyclosporine A (CyA) given i.v. at a dose of 1.25 mg/mouse blocks a subsequent i.v. lethal dose (1.7-1.8 x LD50) of microcystin-LR for 24 hr, and is about 50% protective at 48 hr. Conversely, the fraction of mice that can be rescued by CyA (0.2 mg/mouse) after a lethal dose of microcystin-LR decreases rapidly with a pharmacodynamic half-time of only ...
R D, Stoner, W H, Adams, D N, Slatkin, H W, Siegelman   +3 more
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Detection of the cyanobacterial hepatotoxins microcystins

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 2005
Concern regarding the presence of microcystins in drinking water and their possible contamination in food (e.g., salad vegetables, fish, shellfish) has resulted in the need for reliable methods for the detection and accurate quantification of this class of toxins.
Jacqui, McElhiney, Linda A, Lawton
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How microcystin‐degrading bacteria express microcystin degradation activity

Lakes & Reservoirs: Science, Policy and Management for Sustainable Use, 2011
AbstractAlkali tolerance and the mechanism of microcystin (MC) degradation were investigated in the MC‐degrading bacterial species, Sphingopyxis sp. C‐1, to better understand the increased MC degradation under the alkaline conditions that arise during the disappearance of water blooms.
Kazuya Shimizu, Hideaki Maseda, Kunihiro Okano, Tomoaki Itayama, Yukio Kawauchi, Rongzhi Chen, Motoo Utsumi, Zhenya Zhang, Norio Sugiura   +8 more
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Bacterial Degradation of Microcystins and Nodularin

Chemical Research in Toxicology, 2005
Microcystins and nodularins produced by cyanobacteria are potent hepatotoxins and tumor promoters. They are, respectively, cyclic heptapeptides and cyclic pentapeptides containing a characteristic beta-amino acid residue, (2S,3S,8S,9S)-3-amino-9-methoxy-2,6,8-trimethyl-10-phenyldeca-4(E ),6(E)-dienoic acid (Adda).
Susumu, Imanishi, Hajime, Kato, Masayoshi, Mizuno, Kiyomi, Tsuji, Ken-ichi, Harada   +4 more
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Fluctuation of Microcystins in Water Plant

Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2003
This study was undertaken to investigate the distribution and variation of microcystins (MC) from a water resource to a water plant in China including long distance transportation, ClO2 preoxidation, coagulation/precipitation, filtration, and disinfection.
R B, Jia, X H, Zhang, W H, Zhang, G M, Zhang, Z S, Wang   +4 more
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