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Neurotransmission in the Human Labyrinth
2002Different neuroactive substances have been found in the efferent pathways of both the olivocochlear and vestibular systems. In the present study, the distribution and role of three neurotransmitters, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), and enkephalin were investigated in the human labyrinth of 4 normal-hearing individuals.
Weijia Kong +4 more
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Neuropeptides and Neurotransmission
2020Over the past four decades, many neuropeptides, that is, 3–100 amino-acid-long polypeptides, have been identified in the central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system which can act on either neural substrates such as neurons and glial cells or other target cells.
Hiba Salim Surchi +12 more
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Astrocytes in glutamate neurotransmission
The FASEB Journal, 1995Astrocytes maintain ionic, amino acid neurotransmitter, and water homeostasis in the extracellular space of the brain. The anatomy of the cells, with their network formation and their capacity to react to and produce humoral and long-distance, slow-speed transfer of information within the syncytium, makes them appear to be a class of cells able to ...
Lars Rönnbäck, Elisabeth Hansson
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Science, 1999
In their Perspective, P. J. Magistretti et al . ([1][1]) propose that 80 to 90% of total cortical glucose usage is attributable to the energy requirements of glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Stephen R. Robinson, Leif Hertz
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In their Perspective, P. J. Magistretti et al . ([1][1]) propose that 80 to 90% of total cortical glucose usage is attributable to the energy requirements of glutamatergic neurotransmission.
Stephen R. Robinson, Leif Hertz
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Glutamatergic Neurotransmission
2012Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on glutamatergic neurotransmission and its synthesis and vesicular release. Glutamate mediates essentially all rapid excitatory signaling in the mammalian CNS. This excitatory signaling is counterbalanced by GABA- or glycine-mediated inhibition. In considering glutamate as a neurotransmitter, it may be helpful to
Deborah E. Bauer, Michael B. Robinson
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Noradrenergic Neurotransmission
2004Publisher Summary Sympathoneural norepinephrine (NE) satisfies the main criteria defining a neurotransmitter: a chemical released from nerve terminals by electrical action potentials that interacts with specific receptors on nearby structures to produce specific physiologic responses. Different stressors can elicit different patterns of sympathoneural
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Nicotine and sympathetic neurotransmission
Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, 1997Nicotine increases heart rate, myocardial contractility, and blood pressure. These nicotine-induced cardiovascular effects are mainly due to stimulation of sympathetic neurotransmission, as nicotine stimulates catecholamine release by an activation of nicotine acetylcholine receptors localized on peripheral postganglionic sympathetic nerve endings and ...
Wolfgang Kübler, Markus Haass
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Cardiac Neurotransmission Imaging
2010Cardiac neurotransmission imaging with SPECT and PET allows in vivo assessment of presynaptic reuptake and neurotransmitter storage as well as of regional distribution and activity of postsynaptic receptors. In this way, the biochemical processes that occur during neurotransmission can be investigated in vivo at a micromolar level using radiolabeled ...
Albert Flotats, Ignasi Carrió
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Basic Concepts of Neurotransmission
Pediatric Clinics of North America, 2011An understanding of synaptic neurotransmission is fundamental to the understanding of various neuropsychiatric symptoms and disorders. It is also essential to the discovery of pharmacologic agents that modulate neurotransmission to alleviate such symptoms and conditions.
Dilip R. Patel, Cynthia Feucht
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Metabolism and Neurotransmission [PDF]
, 1983 Oxidative metabolism is essential for normal neuronal function. The brain consumes 20% of the oxygen that is used by the body even though it represents only 2% of the total body mass. Most of this oxygen is utilized for the catabolism of glucose and the production of ATP.
John P. Blass, Gary E. Gibson
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