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2018
This chapter on observational studies provides an understanding of the main concepts in epidemiology, introduces common study designs, such as cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies, and outlines their importance for clinical research. The hallmark of epidemiological research is that it observes unexposed and exposed individuals under “real ...
Minou Djannatian +3 more
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This chapter on observational studies provides an understanding of the main concepts in epidemiology, introduces common study designs, such as cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies, and outlines their importance for clinical research. The hallmark of epidemiological research is that it observes unexposed and exposed individuals under “real ...
Minou Djannatian +3 more
+4 more sources
Understanding observational studies
Drug and Therapeutics Bulletin, 2016The development of evidence-based medicine has encouraged clinicians to consider the best available evidence when making clinical decisions, individualised for the patient.1,2 A hierarchy of levels of evidence about therapy is described, with the highest being meta-analyses and large, well-designed randomised controlled trials.3-5 Lower down the ...
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Distribution of study observations
EDTNA-ERCA Journal, 2002Suppose that you took a sample of dialysis centres in your country and collected individual information from more than a thousand dialysis patients. Suppose you are interested in the age these patients were when they started dialysis, how can you investigate and summarize this result?
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BMJ, 2012
Researchers investigated whether pioglitazone was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in people with type 2 diabetes.1 Use of pioglitazone, an oral antidiabetic agent in the thiazolidinedione class, is controversial.2 The researchers used the general practice research database to extract data from individual patients’ primary care ...
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Researchers investigated whether pioglitazone was associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer in people with type 2 diabetes.1 Use of pioglitazone, an oral antidiabetic agent in the thiazolidinedione class, is controversial.2 The researchers used the general practice research database to extract data from individual patients’ primary care ...
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Maturitas, 2003
The Million Women Study [1] is in the number of participants until now the largest observational study on the relationship between hormone treatment in the postmenopause and breast cancer. There is, however, only a very short observation time of 2.6 years for incident cases and 4.1 years for fatal cases.
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The Million Women Study [1] is in the number of participants until now the largest observational study on the relationship between hormone treatment in the postmenopause and breast cancer. There is, however, only a very short observation time of 2.6 years for incident cases and 4.1 years for fatal cases.
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Observational studies: it’s time to be transparent
British Journal of Dermatology, 2022Sonia Gran +2 more
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American Cancer Society Nutrition and Physical Activity Guideline for Cancer Survivors
Ca-A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 2022Colleen K Spees +2 more
exaly
Observational Studies in Radiology
American Journal of Roentgenology, 2004C Craig, Blackmore, Peter, Cummings
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