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Oligodendrocyte differentiation
2016In the nervous system, axons transmit information in the form of electrical impulses over long distances. The speed of impulse conduction is enhanced by myelin, a lipid-rich membrane that wraps around axons. Myelin also is required for the long-term health of axons by providing metabolic support.
E S, Mathews, B, Appel
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Trends in Neurosciences, 1996
In the adult vertebrate CNS, oligodendrocytes are ubiquitously distributed throughout white matter. By contrast, in the embryonic CNS, recent studies suggest that oligodendrocyte precursors arise in a discrete ventral location. Thus, local ventral environmental signals that contribute to the overall patterning of the CNS are likely to influence the ...
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In the adult vertebrate CNS, oligodendrocytes are ubiquitously distributed throughout white matter. By contrast, in the embryonic CNS, recent studies suggest that oligodendrocyte precursors arise in a discrete ventral location. Thus, local ventral environmental signals that contribute to the overall patterning of the CNS are likely to influence the ...
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Neurologic Clinics, 1995
Although it was initially thought to be a passive structure, the oligodendrocyte and myelin unit is now considered highly dynamic with many important functions beyond its role in myelination. Inhibitors of neurite growth can be localized to oligodendrocyte and myelin, highlighting the importance of oligodendrocytes in general CNS maintenance and in ...
J A, McLaurin, V W, Yong
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Although it was initially thought to be a passive structure, the oligodendrocyte and myelin unit is now considered highly dynamic with many important functions beyond its role in myelination. Inhibitors of neurite growth can be localized to oligodendrocyte and myelin, highlighting the importance of oligodendrocytes in general CNS maintenance and in ...
J A, McLaurin, V W, Yong
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Oligodendrocytes and Alzheimer's disease
International Journal of Neuroscience, 2015Extensive evidence has indicated that the breakdown of myelin is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) since the vulnerability of oligodendrocytes under Alzheimer's pathology easily induces the myelin breakdown and the loss of the myelin sheath which might be the initiating step in the changes of the earliest stage of AD prior to appearance of ...
Zhiyou, Cai, Ming, Xiao
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Regulation of oligodendrocyte development
Molecular Neurobiology, 1998Oligodendrocytes are the cells responsible for the formation of myelin in the central nervous system. Recent studies demonstrated that cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage initially arise in distinct regions of the ventricular zone during early development.
D M, Orentas, R H, Miller
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The oligodendrocytic junctional complex
Cell and Tissue Research, 1978The junctional complex of oligodendrocytes was studied by means of different electron microscopical techniques. This complex is composed of the following junctional membrane formations: 1) tight junctional domains in the oligodendrocytic membrane near the some of the cells, 2) fasciae occludentes or focal tight junctions on the outer oligodendrocytic ...
R, Dermietzel, D, Schünke, A, Leibstein
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Regulation of oligodendrocyte development
Microscopy Research and Technique, 2001AbstractOligodendrocytes are myelinating cells in the central nervous system. Recent studies demonstrated that oligodendrocyte progenitor cells are generated from a restricted region in the ventricular zone. In the rodent spinal cord, progenitor cells appear from narrow and bilateral longitudinal columns in the ventral ventricular zone, and then ...
T, Kagawa, T, Wada, K, Ikenaka
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Oligodendrocytes, GRPs and MNOPs
Trends in Neurosciences, 2003What about earlier stages? At developmental stages earlier than E16, expression of Olig1 and Olig2 is limited to a large ventral domain of the proliferating ventricular zone that is known to generate both motoneurons and oligodendrocytes. If Olig2 expression is confined to an oligodendrocyte–motoneuron precursor, then its expression should not be seen ...
Ying, Liu, Mahendra, Rao
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Regulators of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in BiologyMyelination has evolved as a mechanism to ensure fast and efficient propagation of nerve impulses along axons. Within the central nervous system (CNS), myelination is carried out by highly specialized glial cells, oligodendrocytes. The formation of myelin is a prolonged aspect of CNS development that occurs well into adulthood in humans, continuing ...
Ben, Emery, Teresa L, Wood
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Oligodendrocyte–Neuron Myelinating Coculture
2019The preparation of oligodendrocytes and neurons independently in vitro has provided substantial insight into the biology of the process of myelin sheath formation. This chapter describes a myelination system of dorsal root ganglion neurons by independent isolation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells from either rat or mouse cortex.
Swire, Matthew +1 more
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