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The Philosophy of Graves' Ophthalmopathy
Orbit, 2005When asked what has been my philosophy of Graves' ophthalmopathy in the last 25 years in the process of caring for patients with this disease and doing clinical research, I identified in hindsight three major guiding principles. The first is a multidisciplinary approach to the disease.
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Introduction to Graves’ ophthalmopathy
2000Although the pathogenesis of Graves’ ophthalmopathy is incompletely understood, we have a rather good insight as to how the pathologic changes in the orbit cause (in a mechanical way) the clinical characteristics. To better understand this it is important to be acquainted with the anatomy of the orbit.
Prummel, M.F. +4 more
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Management of thyroid ophthalmopathy
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology, 1996The pathogenesis of thyroid ophthalmopathy and its relation to thyroid gland dysfunction defies elucidation, and thus only palliative therapy exists. If and how antithyroid therapy affects the course of thyroid eye disease remains controversial. Research continues to try to reveal a subset of patients who respond best to corticosteroid or radiation ...
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The Ophthalmopathy of Graves' Disease
Medical Clinics of North America, 1991Fortunately, most patients with thyroid-related eye disease have mild ocular involvement that spontaneously involutes. Less than 5% of patients with hyperthyroidism will develop sufficiently severe ocular abnormalities that will require surgical intervention. Most patients with thyroid eye findings should be symptomatically managed.
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Immunotherapy for Graves’ ophthalmopathy
Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes & Obesity, 2014In recent years, immunosuppressive therapy, as an alternative to corticosteroids, has been proposed as novel agents which target the various antigens involved in the pathogenesis of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Although the lack of randomized and controlled studies suggests caution in generalizing results, some data show interesting results.Potential ...
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Graves’ Ophthalmopathy - or - Hyperthyroid Ophthalmopathy
2003Stanley E. Order, Sarah S. Donaldson
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Tocilizumab in Graves ophthalmopathy
Medicina Clínica (English Edition), 2020Gemma, Garreta Fontelles +2 more
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