Results 21 to 30 of about 195,812 (290)
, 2021 In assessing prediction accuracy of multivariable prediction models, optimism corrections are essential for preventing biased results. However, in most published papers of clinical prediction models, the point estimates of the prediction accuracy ...
Furukawa, Toshi A. +4 more
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Confirmation bias optimizes reward learning [PDF]
, 2021 ABSTRACTConfirmation bias—the tendency to overweight information that matches prior beliefs or choices—has been shown to manifest even in simple reinforcement learning. In line with recent work, we find that participants learned significantly more from choice-confirming outcomes in a reward-learning task.
Tor Tarantola +4 more
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Risk perception and optimism during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Royal Society Open Science, 2021 Slowing the spread of COVID-19 requires people to actively change their lives by following protective practices, such as physical distancing and disinfecting their hands.
Benjamin J. Kuper-Smith +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Adaptation, Anticipation-Bias and Optimal Income Taxation [PDF]
SSRN Electronic Journal, 2012 Adaptation is omnipresent but people systematically fail to correctly anticipate the degree to which they adapt. This leads individuals to make inefficient intertemporal decisions. This paper concerns optimal income taxation to correct for such anticipation-biases in a framework where consumers adapt to earlier consumption levels through a habit ...
Aronsson, Thomas, Schöb, Ronnie
openaire +7 more sources
Current Biology, 2011 SummaryThe ability to anticipate is a hallmark of cognition. Inferences about what will occur in the future are critical to decision making, enabling us to prepare our actions so as to avoid harm and gain reward. Given the importance of these future projections, one might expect the brain to possess accurate, unbiased foresight.
openaire +2 more sources
The Human Element of Decision Making in Systems Engineers: A Focus on Optimism [PDF]
, 2009 Biases continue to be an important aspect of human judgment and decision making because they can lead to unfavorable outcomes. Optimism bias is one type of bias that is often overlooked because of its association with good health and positive outcomes ...
Aristotle +33 more
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The effect of induced optimism on the optimistic update bias
BMC Psychology, 2020 Background Individuals tend to have an optimism bias, processing desirable information more frequently than undesirable information. However, people who have been diagnosed with depression often have a more pessimistic view of the future.
Shinpei Yoshimura, Yuma Hashimoto
doaj +1 more source
Affective Decision-Making: A Theory of Optimism-Bias [PDF]
Games and Economic Behavior, 2010 zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
Anat Bracha, Donald Brown
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Staying over-optimistic about the future : uncovering attentional biases to climate change messages [PDF]
, 2017 There is considerable concern that the public are not getting the message about climate change. One possible explanation is ‘optimism bias’, where individuals overestimate the likelihood of positive events happening to them and underestimate the ...
Beattie, G +3 more
core +4 more sources
Can hierarchical predictive coding explain binocular rivalry? [PDF]
, 2021 Hohwy et al.’s (2008) model of binocular rivalry (BR) is taken as a classic illustration of predictive coding’s explanatory power. I revisit the account and show that it cannot explain the role of reward in BR.
Haas, Julia
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