Results 31 to 40 of about 1,617,765 (306)
Risk perception and optimism bias during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
, 2020 Slowing the spread of COVID-19 requires people to actively change their lives by following protective practices, such as physical distancing and disinfecting their hands.
Kuper-Smith BJ +4 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Addressing Optimism Bias in Sequence Modeling for Reinforcement Learning [PDF]
International Conference on Machine Learning, 2022 Impressive results in natural language processing (NLP) based on the Transformer neural network architecture have inspired researchers to explore viewing offline reinforcement learning (RL) as a generic sequence modeling problem.
Adam R. Villaflor +4 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Bias Reduction in Sample-Based Optimization [PDF]
SIAM Journal on Optimization, 2022 We consider stochastic optimization problems which use observed data to estimate essential characteristics of the random quantities involved. Sample average approximation (SAA) or empirical (plug-in) estimation are very popular ways to use data in optimization. It is well known that sample average optimization suffers from downward bias.
Darinka Dentcheva, Yang Lin
openaire +2 more sources
Humanities & Social Sciences Communications, 2021 Individuals are more optimistic about their own future than a comparable person’s future (personal optimism bias). In addition, they show overoptimism toward people or social groups they identify with compared with those they do not identify with (social
Tatjana Aue +4 more
doaj +1 more source
Synthesizing optimal bias in randomized self-stabilization [PDF]
Distributed Computing, 2021 AbstractRandomization is a key concept in distributed computing to tackle impossibility results. This also holds for self-stabilization in anonymous networks where coin flips are often used to break symmetry. Although the use of randomization in self-stabilizing algorithms is rather common, it is unclear what the optimal coin bias is so as to minimize ...
Volk, Matthias +3 more
openaire +4 more sources
Optimality bias in moral judgment [PDF]
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2017 We often make decisions with incomplete knowledge of their consequences. Might people nonetheless expect others to make optimal choices, despite this ignorance? Here, we show that people are sensitive to moral optimality: that people hold moral agents accountable depending on whether they make optimal choices, even when there is no way that the agent ...
De Freitas, Julian +1 more
openaire +1 more source
Optimism Bias and World Bank Project Performance
Journal of Development Studies, 2022 This paper examines the correlates of optimism bias and its impact on World Bank project performance. We measure optimism bias in different ways using estimated Economic Rates of Return (ERR) of projects at approval and closure.
Lavagnon A. Ika, S. Feeny
semanticscholar +1 more source
Confirmation bias optimizes reward learning [PDF]
, 2021 ABSTRACTConfirmation bias—the tendency to overweight information that matches prior beliefs or choices—has been shown to manifest even in simple reinforcement learning. In line with recent work, we find that participants learned significantly more from choice-confirming outcomes in a reward-learning task.
Tor Tarantola +4 more
openaire +1 more source
Risk perception and optimism during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic
Royal Society Open Science, 2021 Slowing the spread of COVID-19 requires people to actively change their lives by following protective practices, such as physical distancing and disinfecting their hands.
Benjamin J. Kuper-Smith +4 more
doaj +1 more source
'Optimism bias' in contemporary national clinical trial network phase III trials: are we improving? [PDF]
Ann Oncol, 2018 Zakeri K +5 more
europepmc +2 more sources