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Outcome indistinguishability [PDF]

Proceedings of the 53rd Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing, 2021
Prediction algorithms assign numbers to individuals that are popularly understood as individual "probabilities" -- what is the probability of 5-year survival after cancer diagnosis? -- and which increasingly form the basis for life-altering decisions. Drawing on an understanding of computational indistinguishability developed in complexity theory and ...
Dwork, Cynthia, Kim, Michael P., Reingold, Omer, Rothblum, Guy N., Yona, Gal   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The Measurement Performance of the Parkinson's Disease Activities of Daily Living, Interference, and Dependence Instrument

Frontiers in Neurology, 2022
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that can be associated with motor fluctuations that result in substantial negative impact to an individual's activities of daily living.
Linda S. Deal, David A. Andrae, Daniela E. Myers, Nathan Johnson, Brandon Foster, Christopher J. Evans   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Content validity of a newly developed observer-reported measure for pediatric asthma in children aged 2–5 years

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes, 2022
Background An observer-reported outcome (ObsRO) measure assessing both symptom control and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with asthma younger than 6 years is lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the content validity of
Yi Zhang, Jennifer L. Clegg, Shannon Keith, Shehan McFadden, Tara Symonds, Rajesh Kumar, Asif H. Khan, Siddhesh Kamat, Jingdong Chao   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Qualitative concept elicitation and cognitive debriefing interviews of symptoms, impacts and selected customized PROMIS® Short Forms: a study in patients with axial spondyloarthritis

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes, 2023
Background Sleep disturbance, pain, and fatigue are key symptoms/impacts of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Three customized Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Short Forms (Sleep Disturbance, Pain Interference, and ...
Amy Findley, Jessica M. Middlehurst, Chloe A. Howse, Molly J. Clifford, William Neill, Sophi Tatlock, Wen-Hung Chen, Marguerite G. Bracher, Dharm S. Patel   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Qualitative study to characterize patient experience and relevance of patient-reported outcome measures for patients with metastatic synovial sarcoma

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes, 2022
Background The outlook for patients with metastatic synovial sarcoma (mSS) is poor. Better understanding of patient experience in this setting, beyond clinical measures, may guide improvements in management.
Laurie Eliason, Laura Grant, Anya Francis, Anna Cardellino, Ken Culver, Sant P. Chawla, Rob Arbuckle, Shibani Pokras   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Development and equivalence of new faces for inclusion in the Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) response scale

Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes, 2021
Plain English summary Accurate monitoring of the symptoms associated with pediatric asthma is important when managing the condition. The CHILDHOOD ASTHMA CONTROL TEST (C-ACT) is a questionnaire widely used to measure asthma severity in young children ...
Kate Sully, Nicola Bonner, Helena Bradley, Robyn von Maltzahn, Rob Arbuckle, Louise Walker-Nthenda, Aoife Mahon, Brandon Becker, Louise O’Hara, Katherine B. Bevans, Mark Kosinski, Robert S. Zeiger, Ross Mackenzie, Linda Nelsen   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Advancing health through evidence assisted decisions with health policy and systems research program: a qualitative evaluation of a national health research grant management process in the Philippines

Health Research Policy and Systems, 2023
Background Health policy and systems research (HPSR) has influenced Philippine policies, including tobacco control, mental health, and COVID-19. The Department of Health (DOH) Philippines and Philippine Council for Health Research and Development (PCHRD)
Reneepearl Kim Sales, Gladys Kaye Reyes-Ramos, Chiqui de Veyra, Gabrielle Gascon, Vianka Barraca, Gillian Garcia, Maria Eufemia Yap   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Development and psychometric evaluation of the assessment of self-injection questionnaire: an adaptation of the self-injection assessment questionnaire

Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 2020
Background Patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments provide robust and effective means of evaluating patients’ treatment experience; however, none adequately cover experience using self-injection devices with enhanced features, such as an ...
Farrah Pompilus, Anna Ciesluk, Sara Strzok, Valerie Ciaravino, Kristina Harris, Boglarka Szegvari, Irina Mountian, Sophie Cleanthous, Juliette Meunier   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

The effect of hyperkalemia and long inter-dialytic interval on morbidity and mortality in patients receiving hemodialysis: a systematic review

Renal Failure, 2021
Background Patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those receiving hemodialysis (HD), are at risk of hyperkalemia (HK). This systematic review aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HK in patients with renal disease receiving HD and collate ...
Danai Bem, Daniel Sugrue, Ben Wilding, Ina Zile, Karin Butler, David Booth, Eskinder Tafesse, Phil McEwan   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Out of Reach: How Insecurity Prevents Humanitarian Aid from Accessing the Neediest

Stability : International Journal of Security and Development, 2017
In a small number of crisis-affected countries, humanitarian organizations work amid active conflict and under direct threat of violence. This insecurity, reflected in rising aid worker casualty rates, significantly constrains humanitarian operations and
Abby Stoddard, Shoaib Jillani, John Caccavale, Peyton Cooke, David Guillemois, Vassily Klimentov   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source