Results 11 to 20 of about 315 (148)
Sulci 3D mapping from human cranial endocasts: A powerful tool to study hominin brain evolution. [PDF]
Hum Brain Mapp, 2022 Key questions in paleoneurology concern the timing and emergence of derived cerebral features within the human lineage. Endocasts are replicas of the internal table of the bony braincase that are widely used in paleoneurology as a proxy for ...
de Jager EJ +4 more
europepmc +3 more sources
The brain of Homo habilis: Three decades of paleoneurology
Journal of Human Evolution, 2023 In 1987, Phillip Tobias published a comprehensive anatomical analysis of the endocasts attributed to Homo habilis, discussing issues dealing with brain size, sulcal patterns, and vascular traces. He suggested that the neuroanatomy of this species evidenced a clear change toward many cerebral traits associated with our genus, mostly when concerning the ...
Bruner, Emiliano, Beaudet, Amélie
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Journal of Morphology, Volume 285, Issue 6, June 2024.<p>This dataset contains additional brain and endosseous labyrinth endocasts generated by Widrig et al. (2024) Paleoneurology of stem palaeognaths clarifies the plesiomorphic condition of the crown bird central nervous system.</p ...
Widrig, Klara +2 more
core +2 more sources
Paleoneurology: A Sight for Four Eyes [PDF]
Current Biology, 2018 The 'third eye' of the pineal complex is a curious component of the vertebrate brain associated with light sensation and melatonin production. A fossil lizard with a 'fourth eye' now calls for a reinterpretation of pineal evolution.
Witmer, Lawrence M., Lawrence M. Witmer
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, 2022 The order Carnivora is one of the most speciose mammalian groups with over 280 living species and well over 1000 known extinct species. Here we present an overview of the evolutionary history of the carnivoran brain drawn from 150 years of ...
Lyras, G.A. +2 more
core +5 more sources
Are endocasts reliable proxies for brains? A 3D quantitative comparison of the extant human brain and endocast. [PDF]
J Anat, 2021 Is the endocast a reliable proxy for reconstructing the brain of fossil specimens? By quantitatively comparing extant human brains and endocasts using MRIs and CT‐scans, here we address this fundamental question and support the significance of fossil endocasts in paleoneurological studies.
Dumoncel J +8 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Ontogenetic Changes in Endocranial Anatomy in Gorgosaurus libratus (Theropoda: Tyrannosauridae) Provide Insight Into the Evolution of the Tyrannosauroid Endocranium. [PDF]
J Comp NeurolChanges through growth (ontogenetic) in the braincase of the eutyrannosaurian tyrannosauroid Gorgosaurus libratus are discussed. Most notably, brain cavity endocasts of immature Gorgosaurus are found to more clearly show details of the brain morphology than more mature individuals, a finding that has implications for improving dinosaur paleoneurology ...
Voris JT +4 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Comparative Sulcal Morphology of the Late Miocene Fossil Ape, Rudapithecus hungaricus. [PDF]
Am J Biol AnthropolABSTRACT Objectives Endocasts of fossil hominoids are exceedingly rare. The only fossil ape endocast analyzed in detail is that of Ekembo nyanzae (KNM‐RU 7290), from the early Miocene of Kenya. Two partial crania of Rudapithecus hungaricus, from the late Miocene of Hungary, preserve sufficient details to reconstruct large amounts of endocranial ...
Assance GA, Silcox MT, Begun DR.
europepmc +2 more sources
The parietal lobe evolution and the emergence of material culture in the human genus. [PDF]
Brain Struct Funct, 2023 Traditional and new disciplines converge in suggesting that the parietal lobe underwent a considerable expansion during human evolution. Through the study of endocasts and shape analysis, paleoneurology has shown an increased globularity of the braincase
Bruner E, Battaglia-Mayer A, Caminiti R.
europepmc +2 more sources
Postnatal interaction of size and shape in the human endocranium and brain structures. [PDF]
J AnatAncestral egg‐laying Sceloporus had dorsoventrally tall female pelvises. Two of three live‐bearing clades evolved larger bodies and flatter, wider pelvises, likely reflecting relaxed allometric limits and selection for crypsis or thermoregulation in terrestrial habitats.
Takagi K, Kondo O.
europepmc +2 more sources