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2016
Abstract Free movement of goods, one of the ‘four freedoms’ together with free movement of persons, services, and capital covered in the Treaties, is a fundamental principle with two purposes. The first is purely economic; a customs union and common market comprising individual Member States cannot be established unless goods from all ...
Alexander Mühlendahl +3 more
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Abstract Free movement of goods, one of the ‘four freedoms’ together with free movement of persons, services, and capital covered in the Treaties, is a fundamental principle with two purposes. The first is purely economic; a customs union and common market comprising individual Member States cannot be established unless goods from all ...
Alexander Mühlendahl +3 more
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Parallel Imports and Music Cd Prices [PDF]
, 2004 Parallel imports are a significant academic and policy issue. Official investigations into the impact of parallel imports on music CD prices have reached widely conflicting conclusions. This note reports an event study on an international panel of changes in copyright law to permit or disallow parallel imports.
Yeh-Ning Chen, Ivan P. L. Png
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Parallel Imports of Pharmaceuticals in the European Union
PharmacoEconomics, 1998Parallel importing has existed on a small scale in Europe for many years and has been upheld by the European Court of Justice as consistent with standard principles of free trade. However, the potential impact of parallel trade has increased significantly with the launch of the European Medicines Evaluation Agency in 1995, the accession to the European
J, Darbà, J, Rovira
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Parallel interacting Markov adaptive importance sampling
2015 23rd European Signal Processing Conference (EUSIPCO), 2015Monte Carlo (MC) methods are widely used for statistical inference in signal processing applications. A well-known class of MC methods is importance sampling (IS) and its adaptive extensions. In this work, we introduce an iterated importance sampler using a population of proposal densities, which are adapted according to an MCMC technique over the ...
Luca Martino +3 more
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Abstract The practice of cross-border trade (parallel importation) of medicines and medical devices is briefly described.
Phil Ambery +2 more
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Phil Ambery +2 more
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Strategic Responses to Parallel Importing
Journal of Global Marketing, 1997Abstract Parallel importing has traditionally been viewed as a consequence of the price discrimination practices undertaken by the manufacturers. This leads to prescriptions of antagonistic actions for both the manufacturers and the authorised distributors against the parallel importers, which may not be appropriate.
Tan, S.J., Lim, G.H., Lee, K.S.
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The importance of direct dependences for automatic parallelization
Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Supercomputing - ICS '88, 1988For the automatic vectorization and concurrentization of Fortran- or Pascal-like programs the dependencies have to be determined and to be observed with every transformation. The full dependence relation is a transitive relation. Direct dependencies are defined as such dependencies that cannot be represented transitively by other dependencies.It will ...
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Vertical Pricing and Parallel Imports
The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, 2005We generalize an earlier model of international vertical pricing to explain key features of parallel imports, or unauthorized trade in legitimate goods. When a manufacturer (or trademark owner) sells its product through an independent agent in one country, the agent may find it profitable to engage in parallel trade, selling the product to another ...
Yongmin Chen, Keith E Maskus
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The quality of parallel imports [PDF]
Economics Bulletin, 2008 This paper empirically analyzes the change in the quality of parallel import goods (goods that are traded without the permission of the intellectual property right holder) across countries over time. Index number methodology for assessing the changes in quality of traded goods is applied to goods subject to parallel import competition in the European ...
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The importance of systems management for a Parallel Sysplex
IBM Systems Journal, 1997IBM S/390® Parallel Sysplex™, a multisystem parallel processing environment, provides benefits in terms of reliability, availability, and the total cost of computing. These benefits, however, bring about a systems management challenge because of the increased number of address spaces that need to be managed.
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