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Potentiometric chemical sensors for the detection of paralytic shellfish toxins [PDF]

Talanta, 2018
Potentiometric chemical sensors for the detection of paralytic shellfish toxins have been developed. Four toxins typically encountered in Portuguese waters, namely saxitoxin, decarbamoyl saxitoxin, gonyautoxin GTX5 and C1&C2, were selected for the study.
Ferreira, Nádia S., Cruz, Marco G. N., Gomes, Maria Teresa S.R., Rudnitskaya, Alisa   +3 more
openaire   +4 more sources

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Distribution of paralytic toxins in California shellfish

Toxicon, 1985
Samples of Saxidomus nuttali and Mytilus californianus collected during the 1981 dinoflagellate bloom at Bodega Bay, California, were analyzed for the presence of paralytic toxins. Neck tissue of S. nuttali contained saxitoxin (STX) and neoSTX (95% of the total toxicity), whereas the bodies contained neoSTX and a mixture of the gonyautoxins.
J L, Whitefleet-Smith, C L, Divan, E J, Schantz, H K, Schnoes   +3 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Paralytic Shellfish Toxins of Pyrodinium bahamense (Dinophyceae) in the Southeastern Gulf of Mexico

Toxins, 2022
In September and November 2016, eight marine sampling sites along the coast of the southeastern Gulf of Mexico were monitored for the presence of lipophilic and hydrophilic toxins.
CARLOS Antonio Poot Delgado, Erick Julián Núñez Vazquez, Andrew Turner   +2 more
exaly   +2 more sources

PARALYTIC SHELLFISH TOXINS SEEM ABSENT IN EXTRACTS OF DIARRHETIC SHELLFISH TOXINS

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1991
Abstract It has been assumed that the water-soluble paralytic shellfish toxins are extracted and concentrated by the organic-solvent extraction method used for diarrhetic shellfish toxins. As diarrhetic toxin extracts of mussels with high levels of paralytic toxins are found nontoxic, it appears that paralytic toxins are not present in ...
Ole B. Stabell, Magne Yndestad, Brit Heidenreich   +2 more
openaire   +1 more source

Paralytic shellfish toxins – Call for uniform reporting units

Toxicon, 2020
Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) are a group of over 50 closely related naturally occurring tetrahydropurine toxins with saxitoxin (STX) as one of the most common and potent. Saxitoxin was first isolated and characterised from the butter clam Saxidomus giganteus as the dihydrochloride salt (Schantz et al., 1975).
Turnbull, Alison R., Harwood, D. Tim, Boundy, Michael J., Holland, Patrick T., Hallegraeff, Gustaaf, Malhi, Navreet, Quilliam, Michael A.   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Proficiency studies on the determination of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in shellfish

Food Additives & Contaminants, 2004
Paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins are produced by dinoflagellates. Shellfish filtering these unicellular algae will accumulate the toxins and pose a health risk when consumed by man. In the European Union, paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in bivalve molluscs are regulated at a maximum content of 80 microg/100 g (91/492/EEC).
van Egmond, H.P., Jonker, K.M., Poelman, M., Scherpenisse, P., Stern, G., Wezenbeek, P., Bergwerff, A.A., van den Top, H.J.   +7 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Radioimmunoassay of paralytic shellfish toxins in clams and mussels

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 1987
Shellfish contaminated with paralytic shellfish poisons (PSP) compromise human health. The threat of this contamination results in enormous economic losses in the recreational and commercial exploitation of shellfish resources in the affected areas. Most states deal with the PSP problem either by prohibiting the collection of shellfish during certain ...
G C, Yang, S J, Imagire, P, Yasaei, E P, Ragelis, D L, Park, S W, Page, R E, Carlson, P E, Guire   +7 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Fluorometric Detection of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins

Analytical Biochemistry, 1998
A rapid qualitative screening method was developed for the fractionation of paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. Periodic acid, t-butyl hydroperoxide, and hydrogen peroxide were tested as oxidants for the fluorometric detection of paralytic shellfish toxins.
W M, Indrasena, T A, Gill
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Synthesis of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins: Saxitoxins

2020
Saxitoxin (STX), which is isolated as a paralytic shellfish toxin, is an inhibitor of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVCh) such as tetrodotoxin. STX has two guanidine functional groups in its tricyclic core structure, and every carbon except at C11 connects heteroatoms.
Hayate Ishizuka, Kazuo Nagasawa
openaire   +1 more source

Laboratory bioproduction of paralytic shellfish toxins in dinoflagellates

2001
Publisher Summary It is feasible to produce milligram quantities of Paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) as a supply of the pure toxins for R&D and monitoring studies using the algal culture approach. PSTs are a family of marine biotoxins produced by a number of toxic dinoflagellates involved in harmful algal blooms or red tides.
Hsieh, DPH, Wang, DZ, Chang, GH
openaire   +3 more sources