BMJ, 2008 Pittrof and Rubinstein make the important point that the “placebo effect” is actually an effect—people often do get better on placebo.1 However, most, if not all, of the evidence for placebo effects comes from studies where patients expected to have a reasonable chance (generally 0.5) of receiving the active treatment.
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Commentary: analyzing binary data using MCPMod when zero counts are expected [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 Bretz et al (2005) proposed multiple Comparison Procedure and Modeling (MCPMod) method to design and analyze dose-finding study. Pinheiro (2014) then generalized it to various types of endpoint, including but not limited to binary endpoint, survival endpoint, count data, and longitudinal data. Pinheiro (2013) recommended to use the estimated covariance
arxiv
Assessing surrogate endpoints in vaccine trials with case-cohort sampling and the Cox model [PDF]
Annals of Applied Statistics 2008, Vol. 2, No. 1, 386-407, 2008 Assessing immune responses to study vaccines as surrogates of protection plays a central role in vaccine clinical trials. Motivated by three ongoing or pending HIV vaccine efficacy trials, we consider such surrogate endpoint assessment in a randomized placebo-controlled trial with case-cohort sampling of immune responses and a time to event endpoint ...
arxiv +1 more source
Effects of placebos without deception compared with no treatment: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis [PDF]
, 2015 Placebos have long provided a robust control for evaluating active pharmacological preparations, but frequently demonstrate a variable therapeutic effect when delivered in double-blinded placebo-controlled trials.
Charlesworth, JE +5 more
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Explaining temporal trends in annualized relapse rates in placebo groups of randomized controlled trials in relapsing multiple sclerosis: systematic review and meta-regression [PDF]
Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 19(12):1580-1586, 2013, 2013 Background: Recent studies have shown a decrease in annualised relapse rates (ARRs) in placebo groups of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in relapsing multiple sclerosis (RMS). Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of RCTs in RMS.
arxiv +1 more source
‘Placebos’ and the logic of placebo comparison [PDF]
Biology & Philosophy, 2011 Robin Nunn has argued that we should stop using the terms ‘placebo’ and ‘placebo effect’. I argue in support of Nunn’s position by considering the logic of why we perform placebo comparisons. Like all comparisons, placebo comparison is just a case of comparing one thing with another, but it is a mistake, I argue, to think of placebo comparison as a ...
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Trafficking in Cure and Harm: Placebos, Nocebos and the Curative Imaginary
Disability Studies Quarterly, 2018 This article tracks the traffic of placebos, nocebos and the effects or meaning-responses that they solicit in order to contribute to wide-ranging critiques of the curative imaginary.
Suze G. Berkhout, Ada S. Jaarsma
doaj +1 more source
Placebos without deception reduce self-report and neural measures of emotional distress
Nature Communications, 2020 There is controversy about whether placebos without deception cause real psychobiological benefits. Here, the authors show that the positive effects of placebos without deception are more than response bias by providing evidence they can reduce self ...
Darwin A. Guevarra +3 more
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"AI enhances our performance, I have no doubt this one will do the same": The Placebo effect is robust to negative descriptions of AI [PDF]
arXiv, 2023 Heightened AI expectations facilitate performance in human-AI interactions through placebo effects. While lowering expectations to control for placebo effects is advisable, overly negative expectations could induce nocebo effects. In a letter discrimination task, we informed participants that an AI would either increase or decrease their performance by
arxiv