Results 221 to 230 of about 2,560,790 (243)

A Potential Outcomes Approach to Developmental Toxicity Analyses

Biometrics, 2006
Summary Estimating the effects of a toxin on fetal development in animal models such as mice can be problematic, because the number of pups that develop and survive until birth may simultaneously affect developmental outcomes such as birth weight and be affected by the introduction of a toxin into the fetal environment.
Elliott, Michael R., Joffe, Marshall M., Chen, Zhen   +2 more
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Assessing Potential Outcomes Mediation in HIV Interventions

AIDS and Behavior, 2021
Knowledge of causal processes through mediation analysis can help improve the effectiveness and reduce costs of public health programs, like HIV prevention and treatment interventions. Advancements in mediation using the potential outcomes framework provide a method for estimating the causal effect of interventions on outcomes via a mediating variable.
Heather L. Smyth, Eileen V. Pitpitan, David P. MacKinnon, Robert E. Booth   +3 more
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Fetal growth potential and pregnancy outcome

Seminars in Perinatology, 2004
Although the association of fetal growth restriction and adverse pregnancy outcomes is well known, lack of sensitivity limits its clinical value. To a large extent, this limitation is a result of traditionally used method to define growth restriction by comparing fetal or birth weight to population norms. The use of population norms, by virtue of their
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Potential Factors Influencing Treatment Outcomes

2010
Treatment with enzyme replacement therapy in Fabry disease is successful in some, but not all patients. The presence of advanced disease, especially in the kidney or heart is associated with a less favorable outcome. Genetic and environmental factors that are known to play a role in the development of cardiovascular complications in the general ...
Linthorst, G. E., Hollak, C. E.M.
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Change and Potential Outcomes

2012
So far, the argument in the book has been first that change has become inevitable, and second that the incumbent autocratic regimes will not be able to counter these forces of change. In this chapter we will look at what kind of change could ensue. But first let’s see how change occurs.
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Impact of Genetic Potential and Prematurity on Growth Outcomes

MCN, The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing, 2001
To explore the relationship between genetic potential and catch-up growth in school-age children who were born prematurely.This descriptive correlational study compared three groups of children who were born prematurely, sorted by birthweight groups into low, very low, and extremely low birthweight on measures of catch-up growth and body composition at
L L, Lindeke, C D, Shell, M M, Mills, M K, Georgieff, P M, Wrbsky   +4 more
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Potential Outcomes

2023
Vikram Dayal, Anand Murugesan
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Patient-Reported Outcomes — Are They Living Up to Their Potential?

New England Journal of Medicine, 2017
There is a growing chorus of support for measuring patient-reported outcomes in clinical care. But there are still important practical questions about how data on these outcomes should be collected, visualized, shared, and used to improve the quality of care.
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Stable Association and Potential Outcomes

2010
The literature on causality is wide-ranging, difficult at times, and controversial.1 Rather than delving into all of the nuances of this material, this chapter and the next have a much more modest goal. Through the analysis of examples, these chapters aim to sensitize the reader to various conceptions of causality discussed by social and statistical ...
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Stochastic Potential Choices and Outcomes

Applied econometricians typically model each individual as having fixed outcomes under treatment and control and, in instrumental-variables (IV) settings, fixed treatment decisions under each value of the instrument. This paper asks what changes when outcomes and treatment allocations or choices are stochastic at the individual level.
de Paula, Aureo, Tamer, Elie
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