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The Non-Identical Twins in UK Public Law: Reasonableness and Proportionality [PDF]

open access: yes, 2017
Ever since the Wednesbury decision in 1947 UK courts and UK public law scholars have been struggling to comprehend the meaning of ‘reasonableness’ and its relation to ‘proportionality’. The main purpose of this article is to promote conceptual clarity in

core   +1 more source

The pyruvate generator is a common phenomenon in mitochondria from different rat and mouse brain regions

open access: yesFEBS Letters, EarlyView.
The pyruvate generator, which causes activation of respiration by extra‐mitochondrial Ca2+, is also present and functional in rat brainstem mitochondria, as it is in other brain regions. This finding is confirmed by experiments with a fully reconstituted malate–aspartate shuttle (MAS).
Grazyna Debska‐Vielhaber   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Constitutional Foundations of the Principle of Penal Proportionality in Case Law

open access: yesمجلة دفاتر برلمانية
Modern Criminal Law is based on foundational philosophical principles that were expressed during the French Revolution of 1789. However, it took a significant amount of time for these principles to acquire constitutional legal value.
Abdlhaq BELFFQIH
doaj   +1 more source

The Orwellian Reality of Counter-Terrorism Measures Under The ECHR

open access: yesGroningen Journal of International Law, 2020
This paper seeks to analyze the impact of terrorism on the enjoyment of civil liberties guaranteed under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR).
Sam Thyroff-Kohl
doaj   +1 more source

Feminizing human rights adjudication: feminist method and the proportionality principle

open access: yes, 2013
Proportionality is one of the most important adjudicatory tools, in human rights decision-making, primarily employed to balance rights and interests. Despite this there is very little feminist analysis of its use by the courts. This article discusses the
Samuels, H.
core   +1 more source

Chemical Proportionality within Molecular Networks

open access: yes, 2021
Molecular networking of non-targeted tandem mass spectrometry data connects structurally related molecules based on similar fragmentation spectra. Here we report the Chemical Proportionality contextualization of molecular networks.
Mingxun, Wang   +10 more
core   +1 more source

Tumour–host interactions in Drosophila: mechanisms in the tumour micro‐ and macroenvironment

open access: yesMolecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This review examines how tumour–host crosstalk takes place at multiple levels of biological organisation, from local cell competition and immune crosstalk to organism‐wide metabolic and physiological collapse. Here, we integrate findings from Drosophila melanogaster studies that reveal conserved mechanisms through which tumours hijack host systems to ...
José Teles‐Reis, Tor Erik Rusten
wiley   +1 more source

Digitalisation of the Value Added Tax

open access: yesBratislava Law Review, 2021
This paper focuses on Value Added Tax (VAT), due to the importance of indirect taxes as one of the most vital tax revenue generators in the EU. VAT is more stable and contributes more to the tax mix than direct taxes.
Peter Rakovský
doaj   +1 more source

Proportionality in Administrative Law and Its Application to Victoria's Proposed Pandemic Legislation

open access: yes, 2022
This article describes the use of proportionality in United Kingdom and Australian administrative law. There remains uncertainty regarding use of the doctrine, particularly in Australia.
Gray, Anthony
core  

Network divergence analysis identifies adaptive gene modules and two orthogonal vulnerability axes in pancreatic cancer

open access: yesMolecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Tumors contain diverse cellular states whose behavior is shaped by context‐dependent gene coordination. By comparing gene–gene relationships across biological contexts, we identify adaptive transcriptional modules that reorganize into distinct vulnerability axes.
Brian Nelson   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

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