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Challenges and Opportunities for Bio-oil Refining: A Review
Energy & Fuels, 2019Bio-oil derived from fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic materials is among the most complex and inexpensive raw oils that can be produced today.
Anamaria Paiva Pinheiro Pires +9 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Journal of Algorithms, 1993
Factor refinement (in \(\mathbb Z\)) refers to the transition from \(m=m_ 1 m_ 2\) to \(m=\prod n_ i^{e_ i}\) where the \(n_ i\) are not necessarily prime but \(\gcd(n_ i n_ j)=1\). The method is to use only the gcd algorithm starting with \(d=\gcd(m_ 1,m_ 2)\) and \(m=(m_ 1/d)d^ 2 (m_ 2/d)\). Then proceed by induction. The process is of complexity \(O(
Bach, Eric +2 more
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Factor refinement (in \(\mathbb Z\)) refers to the transition from \(m=m_ 1 m_ 2\) to \(m=\prod n_ i^{e_ i}\) where the \(n_ i\) are not necessarily prime but \(\gcd(n_ i n_ j)=1\). The method is to use only the gcd algorithm starting with \(d=\gcd(m_ 1,m_ 2)\) and \(m=(m_ 1/d)d^ 2 (m_ 2/d)\). Then proceed by induction. The process is of complexity \(O(
Bach, Eric +2 more
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Science in China Series F: Information Sciences, 2008
zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
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zbMATH Open Web Interface contents unavailable due to conflicting licenses.
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Alternatives to Laboratory Animals, 2013
The freedom of choice of the experimenter is often very much wider than it at first appears. The full use of this freedom is the mark alike of humane and successful experimentation. There is, perhaps, no limit in animal experimentation to the progress of refinement
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The freedom of choice of the experimenter is often very much wider than it at first appears. The full use of this freedom is the mark alike of humane and successful experimentation. There is, perhaps, no limit in animal experimentation to the progress of refinement
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Refinement methods and refinement calculi
Software Engineering Journal, 1992A number of modern approaches to refinement are discussed and compared, and their broad classification into refinement methods and refinement calculi is explained. The refinement methods concerned are all based on the model-based specification languages VDM and Z, whereas the refinement calculi are all developments of the Dijkstra programming calculus.
Hans J. Litteck, Peter J.L. Wallis
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Life cycle assessment of petroleum refining process: A case study in China
, 2020Climate change mainly caused by transportation fuel consumption has attracted global concern. In life cycle environmental burdens generated from transportation fuel production, petroleum refining stage is the hotspot.
Yeye Liu +5 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Science, 1982
Processes for refining biomass from trees or from agricultural residues are fast approaching commercialization. Advances have been made in acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose component of biomass and in some newer processes for biomass refining which leave the lignin fraction relatively intact.
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Processes for refining biomass from trees or from agricultural residues are fast approaching commercialization. Advances have been made in acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis of the cellulose component of biomass and in some newer processes for biomass refining which leave the lignin fraction relatively intact.
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, 2020
The main objective of refining is to remove the undesirable components in the crude oil to produce the oil with good quality and consumer acceptance. However, this refining process requires to be tailored for different types of oil due to the differences
Sook-Chin Chew, K. Nyam
semanticscholar +1 more source
The main objective of refining is to remove the undesirable components in the crude oil to produce the oil with good quality and consumer acceptance. However, this refining process requires to be tailored for different types of oil due to the differences
Sook-Chin Chew, K. Nyam
semanticscholar +1 more source
2001
In this chapter, we give a comprehensive overview of the research results in the field of action refinement during the past 12 years. The different approaches that have been followed are outlined in detail and contrasted to each other in a uniform framework. We use two running examples to discuss their effects, benefits and disadvantages.
Gorrieri, Roberto, Rensink, Arend
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In this chapter, we give a comprehensive overview of the research results in the field of action refinement during the past 12 years. The different approaches that have been followed are outlined in detail and contrasted to each other in a uniform framework. We use two running examples to discuss their effects, benefits and disadvantages.
Gorrieri, Roberto, Rensink, Arend
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Scientific American, 1919
<div class="htmlview paragraph">A short account of the discovery and early development of the oils in the Appalachian Field is followed by a description of several oil-testing instruments and of modern refinery practice with diagrams and drawings.
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<div class="htmlview paragraph">A short account of the discovery and early development of the oils in the Appalachian Field is followed by a description of several oil-testing instruments and of modern refinery practice with diagrams and drawings.
openaire +1 more source