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2012
In 2009, Europe consumed 5,010 TWh of natural gas. That represents a 6.1% decrease over the 2008 figures and is the direct result of the economic downturn (see Table 7.1). According to Eurostat, the GDP in the EU-27 zone fell by 4.2% during the same period.
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In 2009, Europe consumed 5,010 TWh of natural gas. That represents a 6.1% decrease over the 2008 figures and is the direct result of the economic downturn (see Table 7.1). According to Eurostat, the GDP in the EU-27 zone fell by 4.2% during the same period.
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Entry regulation in retail markets
2016We survey the empirical literature analyzing the consequences of entry regulation in retail industries. We begin by providing some background on the most common forms of entry regulation and their rationales. We use OECD data to show evidence of a general trend towards less stringent entry regulation in the past 15 years.
Pozzi, Andrea, SCHIVARDI, FABIANO
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International Journal of Industrial Organization, 1991
In retail markets, the nature of spatial cost differs markedly from specifications given in traditional spatial models. At the retail level, transportation is provided by the household and incurred on a per shopping trip basis. In traditional models, the source of transportation is ignored and the cost specified to accrue on a per unit basis ...
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In retail markets, the nature of spatial cost differs markedly from specifications given in traditional spatial models. At the retail level, transportation is provided by the household and incurred on a per shopping trip basis. In traditional models, the source of transportation is ignored and the cost specified to accrue on a per unit basis ...
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Electronic Markets, 1995
We refer to the sale of goods and services to end consumers (i.e. a mass of clients with small quantity requirements) as retail markets. These normally include private clients, households and small businesses. Therefore, the cost of transactions in retail markets tends to be rather high compared to those encountered with institutional clients. Building
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We refer to the sale of goods and services to end consumers (i.e. a mass of clients with small quantity requirements) as retail markets. These normally include private clients, households and small businesses. Therefore, the cost of transactions in retail markets tends to be rather high compared to those encountered with institutional clients. Building
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Retail markets and retail market studies
2020Rena Mourouzi-Sivitanidou +1 more
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Experience Marketing at Retail Environments
2014The economy in which consumers live today is considered the experience economy. One of the industries that is growing in this economy is the entertainment industry. Additionally, this industry is not only limited to conventional entertainment contexts today.
Öymen Kale, Gözde, Ulusoy, Ebru
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Marketing of Retail Financial Services
Transactions of the Faculty of Actuaries, 19871.1 In recent years insurance companies have begun to employ marketing techniques in search of greater success in an increasingly competitive market place. Several companies have Marketing Departments. However, those who have used marketing techniques most efficiently are not necessarily those with the largest departments. 1.2 Too often marketing is
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2012
In 2009/2010, the European electricity retail markets went through a period of unprecedented drop in demand and price conditions. While the beginning of 2009 was heavily affected by the economic crisis, starting from the last quarter of 2009, in 2010 the markets started to ...
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In 2009/2010, the European electricity retail markets went through a period of unprecedented drop in demand and price conditions. While the beginning of 2009 was heavily affected by the economic crisis, starting from the last quarter of 2009, in 2010 the markets started to ...
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