Results 141 to 150 of about 50,973 (340)

Epigenetic Requirements for Triggering Heterochromatinization and Piwi-Interacting RNA Production from Transgenes in the Drosophila Germline

Cells, 2020
Transgenes containing a fragment of the I retrotransposon represent a powerful model of piRNA cluster de novo formation in the Drosophila germline. We revealed that the same transgenes located at different genomic loci form piRNA clusters with various ...
Pavel A. Komarov, Olesya Sokolova, Natalia Akulenko, Emilie Brasset, Silke Jensen, Alla Kalmykova   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

How a Retrotransposon Exploits the Plant's Heat Stress Response for Its Activation

PLoS Genetics, 2014
Retrotransposons are major components of plant and animal genomes. They amplify by reverse transcription and reintegration into the host genome but their activity is usually epigenetically silenced.
V. Čavrak, Nicole Lettner, Suraj Jamge, Agata Kosarewicz, Laura Bayer, O. Mittelsten Scheid   +5 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

Deciphering Sequence Determinants of Zygotic Genome Activation Genes: Insights From Machine Learning and the ZGAExplorer Platform

Cell Proliferation, EarlyView.
We compiled a comprehensive set of ZGA genes from mice, humans, pigs, bovines and goats, demonstrating the cross‐species conservation. An interpretable machine learning model, based on k‐mer core features, accurately predicted ZGA genes, revealing abundant and intricate six‐base sequence‐specific patterns and potential binding TFs.
Jixiang Xing, Siqi Yang, Yuchao Liang, Pengwei Hu, Bingjie Dai, Hanshuang Li, Yongqiang Xing, Yongchun Zuo   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Characterization and potential functional significance of human-chimpanzee large INDEL variation

Mobile DNA, 2011
Background Although humans and chimpanzees have accumulated significant differences in a number of phenotypic traits since diverging from a common ancestor about six million years ago, their genomes are more than 98.5% identical at protein-coding loci ...
Polavarapu Nalini, Arora Gaurav, Mittal Vinay K, McDonald John F   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

piRNA processing within non‐membrane structures is governed by constituent proteins and their functional motifs

The FEBS Journal, EarlyView.
The silencing of transposable elements is mediated by piRNAs through post‐transcriptional and transcriptional regulation. In Drosophila, piRNAs are processed within unique non‐membrane structures: nuage in germline cells and Yb bodies in somatic gonadal cells.
Ritsuko Suyama, Toshie Kai
wiley   +1 more source

Pivotal Impacts of Retrotransposon Based Invasive RNAs on Evolution

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2017
RNAs have long been described as the mediators of gene expression; they play a vital role in the structure and function of cellular complexes. Although the role of RNAs in the prokaryotes is mainly confined to these basic functions, the effects of these ...
Laleh Habibi, Hamzeh Salmani
doaj   +1 more source

TranspoGene and microTranspoGene: transposed elements influence on the transcriptome of seven vertebrates and invertebrates [PDF]

, 2008
Transposed elements (TEs) are mobile genetic sequences. During the evolution of eukaryotes TEs were inserted into active protein-coding genes, affecting gene structure, expression and splicing patterns, and protein sequences.
Asaf Levy, Biemont, Borchert, Callinan, Clark, Consortium, Dagan, Deininger, Deininger, Gasteiger, Giardine, Gil Ast, Griffiths-Jones, Han, Hedges, Houwing, Johnson, Jordan, Jurka, Karolchik, Kent, Kim, Kim, Kuhn, Lander, Lev-Maor, Lippman, Lorenc, Makalowski, Martignetti, McKusick, Morgan, Noa Sela, Pasyukova, Piriyapongsa, Pruitt, Sayah, Sela, Smalheiser, Smalheiser, Sorek, Sorek, Thornburg, Waterston   +43 more
core   +3 more sources

tRNAs as primers and inhibitors of retrotransposons [PDF]

Mobile Genetic Elements, 2017
The functional relationship between tRNAs and retrotransposons have been known for more than 35 years. tRNAs are used as primer molecules to guide the reverse transcription of retrotransposons. Recently, tRNAs have also emerge as important players in the postranscriptional regulation of retrotransposons by means of tRNA-derived small RNAs.
openaire   +3 more sources

Evidence for evolution of a new sex chromosome within the haploid‐dominant Marchantiales plant lineage

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, EarlyView.
Genomic evidence suggests that sex chromosomes may not be conserved within liverworts. Re‐evolution of dioicy in the genus Riccia may have occurred with probable de novo establishment of a new sex chromosome from the autosome, and the m‐chromosomes have evolved independently from chromosomes in the Marchantiales.
Yuan Fu, Xiaoxia Zhang, Tian Zhang, Wenjing Sun, Wenjun Yang, Yajing Shi, Jian Zhang, Qiang He, Deborah Charlesworth, Yuannian Jiao, Zhiduan Chen, Bo Xu   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Long-lasting Corolla Cultivars in Japanese Azaleas: A Mutant AP3/DEF Homolog Identified in Traditional Azalea Cultivars from More Than 300 Years Ago

Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018
Floral shape in higher plants typically requires genetic regulation through MADS transcription factors. In Japan, hundreds of azalea cultivars including flower shape mutations have been selected from the diversity of endogenous species and natural ...
Kyeong-Seong Cheon, Kyeong-Seong Cheon, Akira Nakatsuka, Keisuke Tasaki, Keisuke Tasaki, Nobuo Kobayashi   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source