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Transcriptome mining reveals diversity and evolution of circulating and endogenous amphibian retroviruses [PDF]

Retrovirology
Background The evolutionary history of retroviruses and their impact on vertebrate evolution remains poorly understood, particularly in non-mammalian hosts.
Emma F. Harding, Banjo Webster, Tanu Sridhar, Lewis K. Mercer, Peter A. White   +4 more
doaj   +2 more sources

The Spread of Endogenous Retroviruses in Populations Infected by Exogenous Viruses [PDF]

Viruses
Retroviruses insert DNA copies of themselves into the chromosomes of their hosts forming proviruses that can synthesize new transmissible viruses.
Hyunjin Park, Paul G. Higgs
doaj   +2 more sources

SERINC5 counters retroviruses and non-retroviruses

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology
SERINC5 (serine incorporator 5), a member of the serine incorporator family, has been identified as a retrovirus restriction factor that inhibits the fusion of virions with the plasma membrane, thus blocking the release of the viral core into target ...
Jinghua Yu, Jinghua Yu, Jinghua Yu, Chunyu Liu, Xinglong Qu, Xinglin Gao, Yue Liu   +6 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Vpx enhances innate immune responses independently of SAMHD1 during HIV-1 infection

Retrovirology, 2021
Background The genomes of HIV-2 and some SIV strains contain the accessory gene vpx, which carries out several functions during infection, including the downregulation of SAMHD1.
Oya Cingöz, Nicolas D. Arnow, Mireia Puig Torrents, Norbert Bannert   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

O-22 DIFFERENTIAL MUTATION PATTERN ASSOCIATED WITH HEPATITIS B E ANTIGEN SEROCONVERSION BETWEEN SUBGENOTYPE F1b CLUSTERS: POTENTIAL ROLE IN PATHOGENESIS

Annals of Hepatology, 2023
Introduction and Objectives: Two clusters of the subgenotype F1b (basal and cosmopolitan) have recently been described. The basal cluster has been associated with the early occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma in chronically infected patients from ...
Micaela Martínez, Mercedes Elizalde, Micaela Speroni, Rodolfo Campos, Diego Flichman   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

The large extracellular loop of CD63 interacts with gp41 of HIV-1 and is essential for establishing the virological synapse

Scientific Reports, 2021
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) persists lifelong in infected individuals and has evolved unique strategies in order to evade the immune system. One of these strategies is the direct cell-to-cell spread of HIV-1.
Daniel Ivanusic, Kazimierz Madela, Norbert Bannert, Joachim Denner   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Review and Perspectives on the Structure–Function Relationships of the Gag Subunits of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Pathogens, 2021
The Gag polyprotein is implied in the budding as well as the establishment of the supramolecular architecture of infectious retroviral particles. It is also involved in the early phases of the replication of retroviruses by protecting and transporting ...
Mathieu Long, Johan Toesca, Christophe Guillon   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Characterization of HIV-1 Epidemic in Kyrgyzstan

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2021
Kyrgyzstan has one of the highest rates of HIV-1 spread in Central Asia. In this study, we used molecular–epidemiological approaches to examine the HIV-1 epidemic in Kyrgyzstan.
Mariya V. Sivay, Alexei V. Totmenin, Daria P. Zyryanova, Irina P. Osipova, Tatyana M. Nalimova, Mariya P. Gashnikova, Vladimir V. Ivlev, Ivan O. Meshkov, Umut Z. Chokmorova, Elmira Narmatova, Ulukbek Motorov, Zhyldyz Akmatova, Nazgul Asybalieva, Aybek A. Bekbolotov, Ulan K. Kadyrbekov, Rinat A. Maksutov, Natalya M. Gashnikova   +16 more
doaj   +1 more source

Spatiotemporal dynamics of HIV-1 CRF63_02A6 sub-epidemic

Frontiers in Microbiology, 2022
HIV-1 epidemic in Russia is one of the fastest growing in the world reaching 1.14 million people living with HIV-1 (PLWH) in 2021. Since mid-1990s, the HIV-1 epidemic in Russia has started to grow substantially due to the multiple HIV-1 outbreaks among ...
Mariya V. Sivay, Lada V. Maksimenko, Irina P. Osipova, Anastasiya A. Nefedova, Mariya P. Gashnikova, Dariya P. Zyryanova, Vasiliy E. Ekushov, Alexei V. Totmenin, Tatyana M. Nalimova, Vladimir V. Ivlev, Dmitriy V. Kapustin, Larisa L. Pozdnyakova, Sergey E. Skudarnov, Tatyana S. Ostapova, Svetlana V. Yaschenko, Olga I. Nazarova, Aleksander S. Chernov, Tatyana N. Ismailova, Rinat A. Maksutov, Natalya M. Gashnikova   +19 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Missing Link between Retrotransposons and Retroviruses

mBio, 2022
The origin and deep evolution of retroviruses remain largely unclear. It has been proposed that retroviruses might have originated from a Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposon, but all known Ty3/Gypsy retrotransposons are only distantly related to retroviruses ...
Jianhua Wang, Guan-Zhu Han
doaj   +1 more source