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The diversity and evolution of retroviruses: Perspectives from viral “fossils”
Virologica Sinica, 2022 Retroviruses exclusively infect vertebrates, causing a variety of diseases. The replication of retroviruses requires reverse transcription and integration into host genomes. When infecting germline cells, retroviruses become inherited vertically, forming
Jialu Zheng, Yutong Wei, Guan-Zhu Han
semanticscholar +1 more source
Structural Analysis of Retrovirus Assembly and Maturation
Viruses, 2021 Retroviruses have a very complex and tightly controlled life cycle which has been studied intensely for decades. After a virus enters the cell, it reverse-transcribes its genome, which is then integrated into the host genome, and subsequently all ...
Anna-Sophia Krebs +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Hijacking of transcriptional condensates by endogenous retroviruses
Nature Genetics, 2021 Most endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in mammals are incapable of retrotransposition; therefore, why ERV derepression is associated with lethality during early development has been a mystery.
Vahid Asimi +21 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
SMARCAD1 ATPase activity is required to silence endogenous retroviruses in embryonic stem cells
Nature Communications, 2019 Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) can confer benefits to their host but present a threat to genome integrity if not regulated correctly. Here we identify the SWI/SNF-like remodeler SMARCAD1 as a key factor in the control of ERVs in embryonic stem cells ...
Parysatis Sachs +8 more
semanticscholar +1 more source
Human endogenous retroviruses in development and disease
Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, 2021 Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) represent ∼8% of human genome, deriving from exogenous retroviral infections of germ line cells occurred millions of years ago and being inherited by the offspring in a Mendelian fashion. Most of HERVs are nonprotein-
Jian Mao, Qian Zhang, Y. Cong
semanticscholar +1 more source
Virology Journal, 2017 Background Detailed knowledge of the evolutionary potential of polymorphic sites in a viral protein is important for understanding the development of drug resistance in the presence of an inhibitor. We therefore set out to analyse the molecular evolution
Karolin Meixenberger +9 more
doaj +1 more source
Porcine Endogenous Retroviruses and Xenotransplantation, 2021
Viruses, 2021 Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERVs) are integrated in the genome of all pigs, and some of them are able to infect human cells. Therefore, PERVs pose a risk for xenotransplantation, the transplantation of pig cells, tissues, or organ to humans in ...
J. Denner
semanticscholar +1 more source
Viruses, 2014 The HERV-K(HML-2) family contains the most recently integrated and best preserved endogenized proviral sequences in the human genome. All known elements have nevertheless been subjected to mutations or deletions that render expressed particles non ...
Oliver Hohn +5 more
doaj +1 more source
The innate immune factor RPRD2/REAF and its role in the Lv2 restriction of HIV
mBio, 2023 Intracellular innate immunity involves co-evolved antiviral restriction factors that specifically inhibit infecting viruses. Studying these restrictions has increased our understanding of viral replication, host-pathogen interactions, and pathogenesis ...
Kathryn A. Jackson-Jones +2 more
doaj +1 more source
m6A RNA methylation regulates the fate of endogenous retroviruses
bioRxiv, 2020 Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are abundant and heterogenous groups of integrated retroviral sequences that impact genome regulation and cell physiology throughout their RNA-centered life cycle1.
Tomasz Chelmicki +8 more
semanticscholar +1 more source