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Tracking and unpacking the impact of Covid-19 on informal food traders in South Africa

open access: yesМенеджмент та підприємництво: тренди розвитку, 2023
In developing economies like South Africa, the informal traders account for more than half of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and over 70% of the employment.
Siyabonga Lloyd Duma, Reward Utete
doaj   +1 more source

Reward and Decision [PDF]

open access: yesNeuron, 2002
Finally, it is worth noting two important developments that are reflected in this issue. The first is the wide range and depth of empirical data relevant to the brain mechanisms underlying behavior that are becoming available to neuroscientists. This is, in part, a product of the explosion in technical developments that now allow us to manipulate genes,
Jonathan D. Cohen, Kenneth I. Blum
openaire   +3 more sources

Labour Regulations in Check: Small and Medium Enterprises’ Workforce Wellbeing Conundrums in South Africa [PDF]

open access: yesJournal of Studies in Social Sciences and Humanities, 2023
While some labour policies bring dignity to a particular group of employees, other labour policies are purported to be major driving force behind accelerated well-being vulnerability of some employees.
Reward Utete, PhD
doaj  

Reward Machines: Exploiting Reward Function Structure in Reinforcement Learning [PDF]

open access: yesJournal of Artificial Intelligence Research, 2020
Reinforcement learning (RL) methods usually treat reward functions as black boxes. As such, these methods must extensively interact with the environment in order to discover rewards and optimal policies.
Rodrigo Toro Icarte   +3 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The Role of ND10 Nuclear Bodies in Herpesvirus Infection: A Frenemy for the Virus?

open access: yesViruses, 2021
Nuclear domains 10 (ND10), a.k.a. promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies (PML-NBs), are membraneless subnuclear domains that are highly dynamic in their protein composition in response to cellular cues.
Behdokht Jan Fada   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Reward and punishment [PDF]

open access: yesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2001
Minigames capturing the essence of Public Goods experiments show that even in the absence of rationality assumptions, both punishment and reward will fail to bring about prosocial behavior. This result holds in particular for the well-known Ultimatum Game, which emerges as a special case.
Martin A. Nowak   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Altered reward processing in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation

open access: yesScientific Reports, 2023
Given that sexual behavior is usually pleasurable and highly rewarding, it is surprising that there is as yet no known research to empirically assess how premature ejaculation (PE) patients respond to the rewarding aspect of sexual behavior.
Yansong Li   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Reward Sensitivity at Age 13 Predicts the Future Course of Psychopathology Symptoms

open access: yesFrontiers in Psychiatry, 2022
BackgroundThere are numerous observations of reward sensitivity being associated with different psychiatric disorders. Nonetheless, most studies investigating this relationship have been cross-sectional.
Raniere Dener Cardoso Melo   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Responsibility and Reward

open access: yesFinanzArchiv, 2003
A basic premise of optimal tax theory is that information about individuals' productivity and time worked is unobservable and does not enter into the government's objective function. In this paper, we explore the implications of a framework where earning capacity both plays an intrinsic and an instrumental role.
Cappelen, Alexander W.   +1 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Whole-Brain Reconstruction of Neurons in the Ventral Pallidum Reveals Diverse Projection Patterns

open access: yesFrontiers in Neuroanatomy, 2021
The ventral pallidum (VP) integrates reward signals to regulate cognitive, emotional, and motor processes associated with motivational salience. Previous studies have revealed that the VP projects axons to many cortical and subcortical structures ...
Qiru Feng   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

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