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Runaway electrons in plasma current sheets
Physical Review Letters, 1994It is shown that a runaway electron population accelerates along the main magnetic field in a Sweet-Parker current sheet. After a characteristic distance the entire current is carried by runaways. The thickness of this runaway sheet is much smaller than the original Ohmic sheet. The influence of microinstabilities is discussed.
, Gurevich, , Sudan
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Fusion Engineering and Design, 1994
Abstract Runaway electrons can cause severe damage to plasma facing components of large tokamaks. The designs proposed for the first wall and divertor of the next large fusion experiment, ITER-CDA (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor - Conceptual Design Activities) are investigated.
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Abstract Runaway electrons can cause severe damage to plasma facing components of large tokamaks. The designs proposed for the first wall and divertor of the next large fusion experiment, ITER-CDA (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor - Conceptual Design Activities) are investigated.
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Runaway electrons in a tokamak: A free-electron maser
Physical Review E, 1997In ohmic divertor plasma discharges of the ASDEX upgrade tokamak containing a small population of runaway electrons, fluctuating emission in the microwave region with a very narrow bandwidth is observed. The radiation can be explained by relativistic runaway electrons, which are captured in a ripple resonance of the tokamak and are thus made ...
Kurzan, B., Steuer, K.
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Physical Review Letters, 1973
r a uniform electric field is calculated by solving the Fokker-Planck equation numerically. Comparison with other theoretical and experimental results is made. (auth)
Russell M. Kulsrud +3 more
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r a uniform electric field is calculated by solving the Fokker-Planck equation numerically. Comparison with other theoretical and experimental results is made. (auth)
Russell M. Kulsrud +3 more
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Pellet interaction with runaway electrons
Journal of Nuclear Materials, 2011Abstract We describe results from recent experiments studying interaction of solid polystyrene pellets with a runaway electron current channel generated after cryogenic argon pellet rapid shutdown of DIII-D. Fast camera imaging shows the pellet trajectory and continuum emission from the subsequent explosion, with geometric calibration providing ...
A.N. James +12 more
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Physical Review A, 1981
The phenomenon of cross-field runaway electrons can occur in cases where large dc electric fields with steep gradients exist perpendicular to a magnetic field. A derivation of the circumstances which permit this condition to exist is presented.
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The phenomenon of cross-field runaway electrons can occur in cases where large dc electric fields with steep gradients exist perpendicular to a magnetic field. A derivation of the circumstances which permit this condition to exist is presented.
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Relativistic limitations on runaway electrons
Nuclear Fusion, 1975The non-relativistic theory of a plasma in an electric field E predicts that there will always be runaway electrons, although their number will be exponentially small for fields less than the Dreicer field ED. However, when E/ED ~ kT/mec2, the ratio of the electron thermal energy to the rest mass energy, relativistic effects become important.
J.W. Connor, R.J. Hastie
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Runaway electrons during tokamak startup
Nuclear Fusion, 1988Runaway electrons significantly affect the plasma and impurity evolution during tokamak startup. During its rise, a runaway pulse stores magnetic flux inductively; this is then released during the decay phase of the runaway pulse. This process affects plasma formation, current initiation and current buildup. Because of their relativistic velocities the
A.S. Sharma, R. Jayakumar
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Runaway electrons in toroidal discharges
Nuclear Fusion, 1979Experimental and theoretical studies of runaway electrons in toroidal devices are reviewed here, with particular reference to tokamaks. The complex phenomenology of runaway effects, which have been the subject of research for the past twenty years, is organized within the framework of a number of physical models.
H. Knoepfel, D.A. Spong
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RUNAWAY ELECTRONS ON PLASMA FACING COMPONENTS
1993Runaway electrons can cause severe damage to plasma facing components of large tokamaks. The designs proposed for the first wall and divertor of the next large fusion experiment, ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor), are investigated. Energies of up to 300 MeV per electron and surface energy depositions of 30 MJ/m2 are assumed.
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