Results 101 to 110 of about 5,930 (247)

Shadow Education as Sociological Field

, 2023
Research on curriculum and shadow education (also known as private or supplementary tutoring) is increasing and diversifying. Shadow education can be understood as out-of-school formal education. Although separate from the school program, it is directed toward that program. Shadow education often targets aspects of the curriculum of mass schooling that
openaire   +2 more sources

The shadow economy in Colombia: size and effects on economic growth [PDF]

Using the currency demand approach size and development of the Colombian shadow economy are estimated over the period from 1976 to 2002. In the 70s the size fluctuated around 20% of official GDP and rose to 50% in the 90s.
Friedrich Schneider, Bettina Hametner
core  

Shadow Economies and Corruption all over the World: What do we really Know? [PDF]

Estimations of the size and development of the shadow economy for 145 countries, including developing, transition and highly developed OECD economies over the period 1999 to 2003 are presented.
Friedrich Schneider
core   +2 more sources

Refinement of amino‐acid conformation vs. difference density maps in time‐resolved serial femtosecond crystallography data analysis

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
The dFoCC pipeline starts with observed DED and resting‐state coordinates, which are then used to generate a library of triggered states. Correlation analysis of the calculated DED features of each candidate vs observed DED permits quantitative evaluation of candidate structural quality.
Meng Iao Fong, Yuhei Hosokawa, Lars Oliver Essen, Manuel Maestre‐Reyna   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

The effect of shadow economy, life expectancy, education, and income on CO2 emissions: an analysis of BRICS countries

Frontiers in Environmental Science
Environmental impairment has become one of the leading global concerns since the 1950s, and the drivers of increasing global CO2 emissions have begun to be explored extensively.
Gamze Sart, Yılmaz Bayar, Funda H. Sezgin, Marina Danilina, Marina Danilina, Eray Karagöz   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Pharmacological inhibition of the PERK pathway modulates hepatocellular carcinoma growth and immune signaling

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Pharmacological inhibition of PERK in a DEN‐induced mouse model of liver cancer does not reduce tumor burden but alters cellular stress signaling. Despite blocking PERK activity, downstream stress responses, including CHOP expression, remain active, suggesting compensatory mechanisms within the unfolded protein response that may influence tumor ...
Ada Lerma‐Clavero, Maria Kopsida, Nathalie Arendt, Hans Lennernäs, Markus Sjöblom, Femke Heindryckx   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

The ‘shadow education’ phenomenon

, 2022
In research, educational services such as private tutoring, coaching and academic enrichment classes that operate outside formal educational institutions (such as schools) are commonly referred to as ‘shadow education’ (Bray, 2017).
Gupta, Achala
core  

Early‐life high‐fat diet exposure increases Achilles tendon stiffness and induces transcriptomic alterations

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Early‐life exposure to a high‐fat diet altered intact Achilles tendons in rat offspring, making them thinner, stiffer, and molecularly distinct even without injury. These findings suggest that developmental high‐fat diet exposure may impair tendon quality and increase susceptibility to mechanical overload or tendon injury later in life.
Heyong Yin, Ziyang Yuan, Wenli Jiang, Ai Guo   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Effects of Covid-19 on Shadow Education Expenditures by Income Groups in South Korea

KEDI Journal of Educational Policy
This study uses the Gyeonggi Education Panel Study data to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on shadow education spending in South Korea. It uses the average propensity to consume (APC) for education to account for income changes, applying the ...
Hyerang Park, Hyunchul Kim
doaj   +1 more source

Shadow education defined [PDF]

, 2018
Shadow Education is a misunderstood form of education that is pervasive throughout Asia and is found all over the world. It should be no surprise that shadow education is misunderstood, due to the wide variety of names used to describe or define it.In ...
Sorensen, Ariel K.
core