Results 161 to 170 of about 2,644 (209)

Proteomic Signatures of Ectopic Fat Distribution: Tissue‐Specific Drivers and Clinical Implications

Med Research, EarlyView.
Integration of plasma proteomics and multi‐organ MRI in 666 UK Biobank participants, combined with a knockoff‐based causal inference and machine learning framework, reveals organ‐specific drivers of ectopic fat: PLA2G1B (pancreas), ERBB2/IGFBP2 (liver), CA14 (muscle), and NCAM2/TNFRSF10B (pericardium). These drivers engage distinct pathways (e.g., PI3K‐
Bing Zhang, Fen Yang, Xingji Lian, Jie He, Shuijin Huang, Mingjuan Fan, Yin Liang, Jiaqiang Huang, LongYan Yin, Hong Wang   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Artificial Intelligence for Identifying Tumor‐Reactive CD8+ T Cells: Biological Principles, Computational Advances, and Future Directions

Med Research, EarlyView.
This review details a three‐stage paradigm shift for tumor‐reactive CD8+ T‐cell identification: decoding transcriptomic states, deciphering clonal functional efficacy, and molecular‐level therapeutic TCR design. Addressing translational hurdles and generative AI “scientific blind spots”—such as missing catch bonds—we present a visionary roadmap.
Chao Yang, Yingying Sun, Yan Zhang, Yifen Shi, Zhiwen Shi   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Diagnostic Value of Glycocalyx Shedding in Blood for Differentiating between Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy

Movement Disorders, EarlyView.
Abstract Background Blood–brain barrier disruption is increasingly recognized in synucleinopathies, but the role of the endothelial glycocalyx (GLX) in Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) remains unclear. Objectives The aim was to determine whether plasma GLX markers differ between PD, MSA, and healthy controls (HC), relate to ...
Jonas Folke, Brian DellaValle, Mathias Lindh Jørgensen, Phillip Bredahl Mogensen, Casper Hempel, Jørgen Rungby, Anne‐Mette Hejl, Annemette Løkkegaard, Lisette Salvesen, Sara Bech, Mette Møller, Erik Hvid Danielsen, Morten Blaabjerg, Matthias Bode, Tomasz Brudek, Susana Aznar   +15 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Brainstem Radiomics Framework to Distinguish Progressive Supranuclear Palsy from Parkinson's Disease

Movement Disorders, EarlyView.
Abstract Background Differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from Parkinson's disease (PD) can be clinically challenging. In the neuroimaging field, radiomics has emerged as a promising approach to capture subtle microstructural and textural image alterations, improving differential diagnoses.
Chiara Camastra, Jolanda Buonocore, Antonio Augimeri, Camilla Calomino, Maria Giovanna Bianco, Alessia Sarica, Pier Paolo Arcuri, Aldo Quattrone, Andrea Quattrone   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

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On the Aumann–Shapley value

Positivity, 2008
This paper generalizes Theorem A in [\textit{R. J. Aumann} and \textit{L. S. Shapley}, Values of non-atomic games. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press (1974; Zbl 0311.90084), p. 20], where the underlying space is an algebra of subsets isomorphic to \(([0,1], \mathcal{B})\), \(\mathcal{B}\) the Borel sets.
BASILE A, COSTANTINI C, VITOLO, Paolo
openaire   +4 more sources

The Shapley Value for Multigraphs

2018
This paper discusses the so-called multigraph, in which multiple connections (arcs) between two given nodes and loops are possible. The authors present the concept of using Shapley values to analyse both elements (nodes and arcs) of a multigraph. The results obtained allow to evaluate the importance of a given element (node or arc) as an element of a ...
Stefan Forlicz, Jacek Mercik, Izabella Stach, David Ramsey 0001   +3 more
openaire   +1 more source

ASPECTS OF EXCHANGEABILITY IN THE SHAPLEY VALUE

International Game Theory Review, 2013
One of the important solution concepts in cooperative game theory is the Shapley value. The Shapley value is a probabilistic value in which each player subjectively assigns probabilities to the events which define their positions in a game. One of the most important concepts of subjective probability is the exchangeability.
R. K. Amit, Parthasarathy Ramachandran
openaire   +2 more sources

The Shapley Value

2003
The Shapley value, introduced in the fifties (Cf. Shapley (1953)), is one of the most interesting solution concepts in cooperative game theory which has drawn much attention. See for example A. Roth (1988). The Shapley value associates to each n-person game one (payoff) vector in ℝ n .
Bezalel Peleg, Peter Sudhölter
  +4 more sources

P-Shapley: Shapley Values on Probabilistic Classifiers

Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
The Shapley value provides a unique approach to equitably gauge each player's contribution within a coalition and has extensive applications with various utility functions. In data valuation for machine learning, particularly for classification tasks, using classification accuracy as the utility function has become a de facto standard.
Haocheng Xia, Xiang Li 0001, Junyuan Pang, Jinfei Liu, Kui Ren 0001, Li Xiong 0001   +5 more
openaire   +1 more source

Power and the Shapley Value

2019
This chapter reviews some results from the literature in which power indices related to the Shapley value are developed. First, a class of power indices for so-called effectivity functions is axiomatically characterized, based on [1]. An effectivity function describes for each coalition of players each set of alternatives such that the coalition can ...
openaire   +2 more sources