Thermal defrosting limits desublimator efficiency in freeze‐drying. This review and case study compares thermal versus mechanical regeneration, links frost properties and external heat transfer to energy demand, and summarizes pilot‐scale scraping results enabling single‐unit, continuous lyophilization.
Moritz Krummenacher +3 more
wiley +1 more source
Estimating Snow Water Equivalent with Backscattering at X and Ku Band Based on Absorption Loss
Snow water equivalent (SWE) is a key parameter in the Earth’s energy budget and water cycle. It has been demonstrated that SWE can be retrieved using active microwave remote sensing from space. This necessitates the development of forward models that are
Yurong Cui +9 more
doaj +1 more source
Carbon Dots: An Emerging Frontier for Green and Sustainable Civil Engineering Materials
Traditional civil engineering materials (CE materials) are usually involved with high‐energy consumption during manufacturing, significant maintenance costs, and substantial environmental impacts throughout their life cycles. The progress of nanotechnology is catalyzing a green and sustainable transformation within the field.
Weiwen Hao +5 more
wiley +1 more source
A microstructural approach to model heat transfer in snow [PDF]
The relation between heat flow through snow and microstructure is crucial for the comprehension and modeling of thermophysical, chemical, and mechanical properties of snow. This relationship was investigated using heat flux measurements combined with a microstructural numerical approach.
T. U. Kaempfer +2 more
openaire +1 more source
Sensitivity of flower trade‐wind cloud organisation to mesoscale atmospheric heterogeneities
Trade‐wind cloud organisation is insensitive to dynamical and thermal heterogeneities but very sensitive to humidity mesoscale heterogeneities, especially in the cloud layer, where they form moist patches, and not in the sub‐cloud layer. Clouds and rain develop in moist patches, then cold pools develop progressively, initiating mesoscale circulations ...
Thibaut Dauhut +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Numerical simulation of elastic stress in the microstructure of snow [PDF]
AbstractThe mechanical properties of snow depend on its microstructure. The fabric of snow was reconstructed in three dimensions using serial sections or X-ray microtomography. A voxel-based finite-element model, with the elements based on the microstructure and ice as the material, was used to calculate the stress distribution in the snow.
openaire +1 more source
Numerical homogenization of the viscoplastic behavior of snow based on X-ray tomography images [PDF]
While the homogenization of snow elastic properties has been widely reported in the literature, homogeneous rate-dependent behavior responsible for the densification of the snowpack has hardly ever been upscaled from snow microstructure.
A. Wautier +6 more
doaj +1 more source
The Material Basis of 18th‐Century Meissen Porcelain
ABSTRACT In the summer of 1708, the quest for making hard‐paste porcelain from Saxonian clay and other mineral resources succeeded. This was achieved by applying as its essential ingredient newly discovered pure kaolin from Heidelsberg near Aue, western Saxon Ore Mountains.
Robert B. Heimann
wiley +1 more source
Feasibility Mapping of L‐Band InSAR for SWE Retrievals Across the Western United States
Abstract Mountain snowpacks provide vital water resources for communities in the western U.S. (WUS), but high spatial variability challenges accurate measurement of snow water equivalent (SWE) from remote sensing platforms. Studies using repeat airborne L‐band (∼25 cm wavelength) Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) have demonstrated ...
Preetika Kaur +9 more
wiley +1 more source
Effect of snow microstructure variability on Ku-band radar snow water equivalent retrievals [PDF]
Abstract. Spatial variability in snowpack properties negatively impacts our capacity to make direct measurements of snow water equivalent (SWE) using satellites. A comprehensive data set of snow microstructure (94 profiles at 36 sites) and snow layer thickness (9000 vertical profiles across 9 trenches) collected over two winters at Trail Valley Creek ...
Nick Rutter +12 more
openaire +5 more sources

