Results 61 to 70 of about 501,668 (378)

The Special Relationship in the Development and Function of T Helper 17 and Regulatory T Cells [PDF]

, 2015
T helper 17 (Th17) cells play an essential role in the clearance of extracellular pathogenic bacteria and fungi. However, this subset is critically involved in the pathology of many autoimmune diseases, e.g., psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, allergy, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel diseases in humans.
Lochner, Matthias, Wang, Zuobai, Sparwasser, Tim   +2 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals functionally specialized vascular endothelium in brain

eLife, 2022
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) limits the entry of leukocytes and potentially harmful substances from the circulation into the central nervous system (CNS). While BBB defects are a hallmark of many neurological disorders, the cellular heterogeneity at the neurovascular interface, and the mechanisms governing neuroinflammation are not fully understood ...
Hyun-Woo Jeong, Rodrigo Diéguez-Hurtado, Hendrik Arf, Jian Song, Hongryeol Park, Kai Kruse, Lydia Sorokin, Ralf H Adams   +7 more
openaire   +3 more sources

Bmal1 deletion alters mitochondrial microstructure and function in mouse cone photoreceptors

iScience
Summary: The mammalian retina contains an autonomous circadian system that regulates ocular physiology. The deletion of the core clock gene Bmal1 in the mouse retina disrupts retinal circuitry, alters cone spectral identity, and reduces cone viability ...
Nicolas Diaz, Sondip Biswas, Wei Zhong, Khaleel Bashir, Ting Chung Suen, Jason DeBruyne, Paul Michael Iuvone, Gianluca Tosini, Hao Duong, Sharon Francis, Kenkichi Baba   +10 more
doaj   +1 more source

Macrolets: Outsized Extracellular Vesicles Released from Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages that Trap and Kill Escherichia coli

iScience, 2020
Summary: Macrophages release a variety of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here we describe a previously unreported class of EVs that are released from macrophages in response to Escherichia coli endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), that we have named ...
Wei Ding, Olivia C. Rivera, Shannon L. Kelleher, David I. Soybel   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Foreign body responses in central nervous system mimic natural wound responses and alter biomaterial functions [PDF]

, 2019
Biomaterials hold promise for diverse therapeutic applications in the central nervous system (CNS). Little is known about molecular factors that determine CNS foreign body responses (FBRs) in vivo , or about how such responses influence biomaterial ...
Ao, Yan, Deming, Timothy, Kim, Jae, O’Shea, Timothy, Sofroniew, Michael, Wollenberg, Alexander   +5 more
core   +1 more source

Co-Emergence of Specialized Endothelial Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells. [PDF]

, 2018
A well-formed and robust vasculature is critical to the health of most organ systems in the body. However, the endothelial cells (ECs) forming the vasculature can exhibit a number of distinct functional subphenotypes like arterial or venous ECs, as well ...
Douglas, Simone A, Fan, Yuhong, Kumar, Ashwath, Lin, Zhiqiang, Madfis, Nicole, McCloskey, Kara E, Platt, Manu O   +6 more
core   +1 more source

Functional Specialization of Memory Th Cells Revealed by Expression of Integrin CD49b [PDF]

The Journal of Immunology, 2006
Abstract Infection or immunization induces heterogeneous memory T cell subsets, but their origin and protective value against infection are unclear. In this study, we report the functional characterization of two memory Th subsets, defined by expression of integrin CD49b. Stable CD49b expression is induced in up to one-half of all memory
Kassiotis, George, Gray, David, Kiafard, Ziba, Zwirner, Joerg, Stockinger, Brigitta   +4 more
openaire   +4 more sources

Insights into PI3K/AKT signaling in B cell development and chronic lymphocytic leukemia

FEBS Letters, EarlyView.
This Review explores how the phosphoinositide 3‐kinase and protein kinase B pathway shapes B cell development and drives chronic lymphocytic leukemia, a common blood cancer. It examines how signaling levels affect disease progression, addresses treatment challenges, and introduces novel experimental strategies to improve therapies and patient outcomes.
Maike Buchner
wiley   +1 more source

The matricellular protein ADAMTS-like 2 regulates differentiation of skeletal muscle-resident fibro-adipogenic progenitor cells

iScience
Summary: Skeletal muscle development and regeneration requires the activities of myogenic and non-myogenic muscle stem cell populations. Non-myogenic muscle stem cells, such as fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs), play important roles in muscle ...
Charlene Redhead, Nandaraj Taye, Britney Chin-Young, Kasoorelope Oguntuyo, James H. Cummins, Kevin J. Hart, Woojin M. Han, Dirk Hubmacher   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source

Cytoplasmic Dynein Functions in Planar Polarization of Basal Bodies within Ciliated Cells

iScience, 2020
Summary: Despite common consensus about the importance of planar cell polarity (PCP) proteins in tissue orientation, little is known about the mechanisms used by PCP proteins to promote planar polarization of cytoskeletons within individual cells.
Maki Takagishi, Nobutoshi Esaki, Kunihiko Takahashi, Masahide Takahashi   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source