Results 81 to 90 of about 681 (182)

Externally‐Forced Changes to Southern Hemisphere Stratosphere‐Troposphere Coupling Variability

Earth's Future
Stratosphere‐troposphere coupling (STC) in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) occurs primarily from austral spring to summer, and the dominant mode of variability in this vertical coupling (the “STC mode”) represents the timing of the seasonal transition of ...
Amy H. Butler, Eun‐Pa Lim, Isla R. Simpson   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Towards a More Earth‐Like Circulation in Idealized Models

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 2018
Idealized models are useful for the investigation of dynamical phenomena in which physical processes play a secondary role. Typically, such models employ highly idealized topography and zonally symmetric equilibrium temperatures as forcings.
Zheng Wu, Thomas Reichler
doaj   +1 more source

Simulation of the ENSO influence on the extra-tropical middle atmosphere

Earth, Planets and Space, 2019
The impact of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on the Northern Hemisphere mid-winter zonal wind, temperature, and stationary planetary waves (SPWs) is evaluated using the Middle and Upper Atmosphere Model and Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for ...
Tatiana S. Ermakova, Olga G. Aniskina, Irina A. Statnaia, Maxim A. Motsakov, Alexander I. Pogoreltsev   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Tropical Sources Dominate the Ocean Carbonyl Sulfide Budget

Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Volume 40, Issue 10, October 2026.
Abstract Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) regulates stratospheric aerosol–climate interactions and helps to track terrestrial photosynthesis. Using OCS to infer drivers of stratospheric aerosol loading or biospheric productivity requires understanding its largest and most uncertain natural source—ocean emissions. Top‐down ocean OCS budget estimates inferred from
Wu Sun, Julian Merder, Gang Zhao, Sinikka T. Lennartz, Anna M. Michalak   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Estimation of Mesoscale Momentum Flux Frequency Spectra in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Using Multistatic Specular Meteor Radar Wind Fields

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, Volume 131, Issue 10, October 2026.
Abstract A spectrally resolved observational methodology is introduced to estimate mesoscale momentum flux frequency spectra in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). The method is applied to four‐dimensional wind fields reconstructed with the physics‐informed neural network approach called the Hydrodynamic Point‐wise Environment Reconstructor ...
G. Mitra, J. L. Chau, J. F. Conte, J. M. Urco, T. Renkwitz, C. Jacobi   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

AI Emulation of Stochastic Sudden Stratospheric Warming With Interpretable Latent Structure

Journal of Geophysical Research: Machine Learning and Computation, Volume 3, Issue 5, October 2026.
Abstract Rare weather regime transitions pose a challenge for data‐driven modeling due to class imbalance. In this study, we develop a probabilistic deep learning emulator for a prototypical system with regime transitions, the stochastic Holton–Mass (HM) model of stratospheric variability, and analyze the structure of its learned latent space.
C. Daniel Boscu, Daniel Hernandez, Fabio Alvarez Ventura, Justin Finkel, Ashesh Chattopadhyay, Pedram Hassanzadeh, Dorian S. Abbot   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Simulating Regional‐Scale Aerosol Radiative Effects of Wildfire Smoke Using a High‐Resolution Coupled Meteorology‐Chemistry Model: HRRR‐Chem

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, Volume 131, Issue 18, 28 September 2026.
Abstract Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity, strongly influencing both regional air quality and the Earth's radiation budget via their aerosol emissions. Relying on an unparalleled observational data set from the 2019 NOAA/NASA FIREX‐AQ campaign, this study quantifies the direct radiative effects of two wildfires using the HRRR‐Chem ...
Minsu Choi, Ravan Ahmadov, J. L. Schnell, Johana Romero‐Alvarez, Sudheer Bhimireddy, Haiqin Li, Joshua P. Schwarz, Pedro Campunzano Jost, Hongyu Guo, Jose L. Jimenez, Pawan Gupta, Thomas F. Eck, Philippe Goloub, Olga Kalashnikova, Chuanyu Xu, Fangjun Li, R. Bradley Pierce, Georg A. Grell   +17 more
wiley   +1 more source

Towards a theoretical understanding of Arctic amplification dynamics

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
This paper develops a theoretical framework for understanding Arctic amplification through the lens of nonlinear potential vorticity (PV) dynamics, static stability feedbacks, and stratosphere-troposphere coupling.
Masoud Rostami, Bijan Fallah, Farahnaz Fazel-Rastgar, Mehdi Hamidi, Saeed Hariri, Junxin Guo, Li-Yun Fu   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

The Role of ENSO Phase Transition in the Delayed North Atlantic Oscillation Response

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 18, 28 September 2026.
Abstract The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant mode of interannual variability in the Earth system, exerting profound influences on global weather and climate. One notable impact is its ability to generate a dipole‐like sea level pressure anomaly pattern over the North Atlantic, resembling the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), with El
Bingning Meng, Lei Zhang
wiley   +1 more source

A 400‐Year Antarctic Ice‐Core Perchlorate Record Reveals Variability in Stratospheric Chlorine Chemistry

Geophysical Research Letters, Volume 53, Issue 18, 28 September 2026.
Abstract Perchlorate (ClO4−) in polar ice preserves past chlorine oxidation chemistry; however, multi‐centennial Antarctic ClO4− records and the mechanisms controlling their variability remain poorly constrained. Here, we present the first 400‐year (1616−2016) ClO4− record from an Antarctic ice core, revealing two regimes separated around 1980.
Wenzhi Zhou, Su Jiang, Zhe Li, Bo Zhang, Danhe Wang, Dongqi Wang, Guitao Shi   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source