Results 71 to 80 of about 2,925,891 (315)

Ubiquitous log odds: a common representation of probability and frequency distortion in perception, action and cognition

Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2012
In decision from experience, the source of probability information affects how probability is distorted in the decision task. Understanding how and why probability is distorted is a key issue in understanding the peculiar character of experience-based ...
Hang eZhang, Laurence T. Maloney
doaj   +1 more source

In Situ X‐Ray Tomography and Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Damage Evolution in C/C‐SiC Composites Fabricated by Liquid Silicon Infiltration

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
This study investigates how the internal structure of fiber‐reinforced ceramic composites affects their resistance to damage. By combining 3D X‐ray imaging with acoustic emission monitoring during mechanical testing, it reveals how silicon distribution influences crack formation.
Yang Chen, Renato S. M. Almeida, Stefan Flauder, Guillaume Couégnat, Kamen Tushtev, Jürgen Horvath, Peter Wriggers, Kurosch Rezwan   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Social Preference Under Twofold Uncertainty [PDF]

, 2016
We investigate the conflict between the ex ante and ex post criteria of social welfare in a new framework of individual and social decisions, which distinguishes between two sources of uncertainty, here interpreted as an objective and a subjective source
Mongin, Philippe, Pivato, Marcus
core   +2 more sources

Cohort‐Scale Spatial Autocorrelation for Tumor Prediction in Mid‐Infrared Pathology and Spatial Biomarker Discovery Using MALDI Imaging Lipidomics

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Computational annotation of various tissue types in heterogeneous samples such as colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) using spatial autocorrelation analysis on non‐destructive mid‐infrared (MIR) imaging data enabled correlative multimodal mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) for spatial investigation of lipid tumor marker candidates. The method can be
Miriam F. Rittel, Nikolas Ebert, Denis Abu Sammour, Sebastian Graf, Björn C. Fröhlich, Emrullah Birgin, Shad A. Mohammed, Nuh N. Rahbari, Axel Wellmann, Oliver Wasenmüller, Cleo‐Aron Weis, Stefan Schmidt, Carsten Hopf   +12 more
wiley   +1 more source

There Is No Pure Empirical Reasoning [PDF]

, 2017
The justificatory force of empirical reasoning always depends upon the existence of some synthetic, a priori justification. The reasoner must begin with justified, substantive constraints on both the prior probability of the conclusion and certain ...
Ayer, Bealer, Bem, BonJour, Brier, Carnap, Carnap, Carroll, Chisholm, Devitt, Duhem, Earman, Finetti, Fraassen, Fumerton, Gaifman, Gelman, Goldman, Goodman, Gosse, Hawthorne, Howson, Huemer, Huemer, Huemer, Huemer, Huemer, Hume, Jaynes, Jeffrey, Kornblith, Lavoisier, Nicholson, Nozick, Nozick, Popper, Psillos, Quine, Ramsey, Reichenbach, Rouder, Russell, Savage, Schlick, Shimony   +44 more
core   +1 more source

Subjective Probability Weighting and the Discovered Preference Hypothesis

, 2009
Numerous studies have convincingly shown that prospect theory can better describe risky choice behavior than the classical expected utility model because it makes the plausible assumption that risk aversion is driven not only by the degree of sensitivity
G. Kuilen
semanticscholar   +1 more source

MR‐DELTAnet: A Longitudinal MRI‐Transformer Model Predicting Pathological Complete Response and Revealing Immune Microenvironment via scRNA‐seq in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
The MR‐DELTAnet model utilizes longitudinal MRI to predict treatment response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally rectal cancer patients, accurately identifying patients likely to achieve pathological complete response for personalized management.
Wuteng Cao, Huaxian Chen, Jiao Li, Yihui Zheng, Liqing Xie, Guozhong Xiao, Zeyan Wang, Fen Yuan, Junhong Chen, Chongbao Sun, Jing Dai, Jinping Zeng, Xinhua Wang, Lei Wu, Hongcheng Lin   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

Data‐Driven Feedback Identifies Focused Ultrasound Exposure Regimens for Improved Nanotheranostic Targeting of the Brain

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Machine learning models predict in real time the onset of harmful microbubble collapse during microbubble‐enhanced focused ultrasound (MB‐FUS) and enable dynamic adjustment of sonication to prevent cavitation‐induced damage. This predictive control expands the safe operating window for bloodbrain barrier opening, enhancing nanoparticle delivery and ...
Hohyun Lee, Victor Menezes, Shiqin Zeng, Chulyong Kim, Cynthia M. Baseman, Jae Hyun Kim, Samhita Padmanabhan, Pranav Premdas, Naima Djeddar, Anton Bryksin, Nikhil Pandey, Pavlos Anastasiadis, Anthony J. Kim, Tobey J. MacDonald, Chetan Bettegowda, Graeme F. Woodworth, Felix J. Herrmann, Costas Arvanitis   +17 more
wiley   +1 more source

A hyperbolic decay of subjective probability of obtaining delayed rewards

Behavioral and Brain Functions, 2007
Background Hyperbolic discounting of delayed and probabilistic outcomes has drawn attention in psychopharmacology and neuroeconomics. Sozou's evolutionary theory proposed that hyperbolic delay discounting may be totally attributable to aversion to a ...
Takahashi Taiki, Ikeda Koki, Hasegawa Toshikazu   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Biomimetic Membrane Interface Technologies for Detection and Isolation of CTCs and EVs: Advances and Opportunities in Liquid Biopsy

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
Biomimetic membrane interface engineering constructs functionalized detection platforms by integrating natural cell membranes, synthetic lipids, or hybrid membranes. This strategy effectively reduces background interference and enables efficient target capture and analysis, showing broad applications in circulating tumor cell separation, extracellular ...
Duo Liu, Jie Yu, Jingxue Li, Yixue Chen, Mengle Peng, Yifan Xu, Yongjun Wu, Lihua Ding, Sitian He   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source