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The Axioms of Subjective Probability

Statistical Science, 1986
This survey recounts contributions to the axiomatic foundations of sujective probability from the pioneering era of Ramsey, de Finetti, Savage, and Koopman to the mid-1980's. It is designed to be accessible to readers who have little prior acquaintance with axiomatics.
openaire   +2 more sources

Artificial Intelligence in Systemic Sclerosis: Clinical Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions

Arthritis Care &Research, EarlyView.
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disease defined by immune dysregulation, vasculopathy, and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Despite advances in care, major complications such as interstitial lung disease (ILD) and myocardial involvement remain the leading causes of morbidity and mortality.
Cristiana Sieiro Santos, José Miguel Sequí‐Sabater, Diego Benavent   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Clinical Characteristics and Concordance of Anti‐MDA5 Antibodies: A Multicenter Australian Study

Arthritis Care &Research, EarlyView.
Objective In Australia, anti‐MDA5 antibodies are exclusively tested by a line immunoblot assay (LIA). The clinical concordance of an LIA‐positive anti‐MDA5 result is unclear. We aimed to describe the clinical features and determine the clinical concordance of patients with anti‐MDA5 antibodies. Methods Electronic records of a multisite cohort (patients
Syed B. Ali, Thomas Khoo, Keeran Shivakumar, Adam Caroll, Lauren Hender, Dimitra Beroukas, Kim Griggs, Celina Jin, Theo De Malmanche, Jessica Day, Gabor Major, Vidya Limaye   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

The effect of probability discounting on reward seeking: a three-dimensional perspective

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 2014
Rats will work for electrical stimulation pulses of the medial forebrain bundle. The rewarding effect arises from the volleys of action potentials fired by the stimulation and subsequent spatio-temporal integration of their post-synpatic impact.
Yannick-Andre eBreton, Kent eConover, Peter eShizgal   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Is an Apple an Orange? A Large Language Model Benchmark for Candidate Term Extraction and Subclass Decisions Against Upper Ontologies in Engineering and Materials Science

Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
Building machine‐readable vocabularies for materials science is slow, expert‐driven work. This study benchmarks 13 large language models on two of its first steps: finding candidate terms in engineering articles and deciding where they belong in a class hierarchy.
Thomas Bjarsch, Maximilian Holland, Klaus Drechsler, Johannes Schilp   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Subjective Expected Utility with State-Dependent but Action/Observation-Independent Preferences

Risks, 2018
Under state-dependent preferences, probabilities and units of scale of state-dependent utilities are not separately identified. In standard models, only their products matter to decisions.
Jacques H. Drèze
doaj   +1 more source

Microstructure Reconstruction in Battery Electrodes Using Machine Learning Based on Low‐Voltage Focused Ion Beam–Scanning Electron Microscopy Tomography Images

Advanced Engineering Materials, EarlyView.
Low‐voltage FIB‐SEM tomography combined with a image preprocessing pipeline improves phase contrast and enables reliable machine‐learning segmentation of conductive networks in lithium‐ion battery electrodes. Structural descriptors are extracted from segmented images, done semimanually and automated, and compared.
Lisa Beran, Vincent Nebel, Dominik Perius, Kshitij Kumar, Yannis Heim, Laura Bies, Tobias Kraus   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Context Effects in the Judgment of Visual Relative-Frequency: Trial-by-Trial Adaptation and Non-linear Sequential Effect

Frontiers in Psychology, 2018
Humans' judgment of relative-frequency, similar to their use of probability in decision-making, is often distorted as an inverted-S-shape curve—small relative-frequency overestimated and large relative-frequency underestimated.
Xiangjuan Ren, Xiangjuan Ren, Muzhi Wang, Hang Zhang, Hang Zhang, Hang Zhang   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

AI‐Powered Framework for Evaluating Drug Efficacy for Three‐Dimensional In Vitro Cancer Models in Robot‐Assisted Production

Advanced Robotics Research, EarlyView.
An AI‐powered, robot‐assisted framework automatically produces, images, and analyzes 3D tumor spheroids to evaluate drug efficacy. Integrated modules handle spheroid formation, live/dead staining, brightfield imaging, and automated image analysis, including spheroid segmentation, viability and metrics to assess the drug treatment efficacy. The workflow
Dalia Mahdy, Jesus Nieves, Lukas Königer, Matthias Peindl, Fabio Erhard, Marc Möllmann, Anke Klingner, Markus Münig, Bibin Babu, Thomas Schwarz, Marco Metzger, Gudrun Dandekar, Maximiliane Wußmann, Jan Hansmann   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

A COMPARISON OF SUBJECTIVE AND HISTORICAL CROP YIELD PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS [PDF]

Forecast distributions based on historical yields and subjective expectations for 1987 expected crop yields were compared for 90 Western Kentucky grain farms. Different subjective probability elicitation techniques were also compared.
Pease, James W.
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