Results 41 to 50 of about 50,801 (153)

Superiorization: An optimization heuristic for medical physics [PDF]

, 2012
Purpose: To describe and mathematically validate the superiorization methodology, which is a recently-developed heuristic approach to optimization, and to discuss its applicability to medical physics problem formulations that specify the desired solution (of physically given or otherwise obtained constraints) by an optimization criterion.
arxiv   +1 more source

Total variation superiorization schemes in proton computed tomography image reconstruction [PDF]

Medical Physics, Vol. 37, pp. 5887-5895, (2010), 2010
Purpose: Iterative projection reconstruction algorithms are currently the preferred reconstruction method in proton computed tomography (pCT). However, due to inconsistencies in the measured data arising from proton energy straggling and multiple Coulomb scattering, noise in the reconstructed image increases with successive iterations.
arxiv   +1 more source

A Viral Labelling Study of Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus Caudalis Projection Neurons Targeting the Parabrachial Nucleus

Journal of Neurochemistry, Volume 169, Issue 3, March 2025.
Using adeno‐associated viral vectors (AAVs) to label projection neurons (PN) that link nervous system regions is a powerful tool in neuroscience for studying circuitry and function. However, AAVs exhibit tropism, which can produce variable expression depending on the viral serotype and the CNS region targeted.
Sophie Maric, Mehedi Hasan, Madison L. Pounder, Brett A. Graham, Tyler J. Browne   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Adult‐Onset Glutaric Aciduria Type 1: Report of Two Cases and a Literature Review

Brain and Behavior, Volume 15, Issue 2, February 2025.
This study reported two new cases and characterized the phenotype and genotype of adult‐onset glutaric aciduria Type 1 by literature review, emphasizing subependymal lesions and the coexistence of hyperhomocysteinemia. No clear genotype–phenotype correlation was found in adult‐onset glutaric aciduria Type 1. ABSTRACT Introduction Glutaric aciduria Type
Luhua Wei, Jieyu Li, Zhiying Xie, Ying Zhu, Jing Chen, Yawen Zhao, Yun Yuan, Yining Huang, Yanling Yang, Zhaoxia Wang, Jing Chen   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Locus Coeruleus Degeneration in Essential Tremor With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Neuromelanin MRI Study

CNS Neuroscience &Therapeutics, Volume 31, Issue 1, January 2025.
Using neuromelanin‐sensitive‐MRI (NM‐MRI) analysis, we found the integrity of locus coeruleus (LC) was decreased in ET patients and be more pronounced in ET‐MCI patients. The decreased integrity of LC was correlated with the severity of cognitive functions, suggesting some pathological changes of LC contribute to the cognitive impairment in ET ...
Yuelin Fang, Cheng Zhou, Bingting Zhu, Jiasi Liu, Sicheng Liu, Xiaojun Guan, Tao Guo, Xiaojun Xu, Minming Zhang, Jun Tian, Xinzhen Yin, Baorong Zhang, Guohua Zhao, Yaping Yan   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source

Dorsolateral pontine lesions produce distinct ocular motor abnormalities with anatomical correlations

European Journal of Neurology, Volume 32, Issue 1, January 2025.
Abstract Background and Purpose The dorsolateral portion of the caudal pons contains the vestibular nucleus (VN) and inferior cerebellar peduncle (ICP) that play important roles in conveying and processing vestibular and ocular motor signals. This study aimed to characterize ocular motor abnormalities along with their anatomical correlations in ...
Hyun Sung Kim, Jae‐Hwan Choi, Eun Hye Oh, Seo Young Choi, Kwang‐Dong Choi   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Multi‐Night Electroencephalography Reveals Positive Association Between Sleep Efficiency and Hippocampal Subfield and Entorhinal Cortex Volumes in Healthy Aging

Human Brain Mapping, Volume 45, Issue 18, December 15, 2024.
In a sample of 118 fifty to 80‐year‐old healthy adults, multi‐night recordings of portable electroencephalography (EEG) revealed associations between hippocampal subfield and entorhinal cortex volumes and sleep that were otherwise not detected by subjective sleep measures.
Attila Keresztes, Éva M. Bankó, Noémi Báthori, Vivien Tomacsek, Virág Anna Varga, Ádám Nárai, Zsuzsanna Nemecz, Ádám Dénes, Viktor Gál, Petra Hermann, Péter Simor, Zoltán Vidnyánszky   +11 more
wiley   +1 more source

Neurocognitive Development of the Resolution of Selective Visuo-Spatial Attention: Functional MRI Evidence From Object Tracking

Frontiers in Psychology, 2018
Our ability to select relevant information from the environment is limited by the resolution of attention – i.e., the minimum size of the region that can be selected.
Kerstin Wolf, Kerstin Wolf, Kerstin Wolf, Elena Galeano Weber, Elena Galeano Weber, Jasper J. F. van den Bosch, Steffen Volz, Ulrike Nöth, Ralf Deichmann, Marcus J. Naumer, Till Pfeiffer, Christian J. Fiebach, Christian J. Fiebach, Christian J. Fiebach   +13 more
doaj   +1 more source

Track‐Weighted Dynamic Functional Connectivity Profiles and Topographic Organization of the Human Pulvinar

Human Brain Mapping, Volume 45, Issue 17, December 1, 2024.
Leveraging diffusion and functional MRI information, we revealed dorsomedial, dorsolateral, ventral anterior, and ventral posterior connectivity clusters within the human pulvinar. While it was not possible to find a perfect match between connectivity‐based clusters and histological nuclei, each pulvinar cluster shows functional coupling to specific ...
Gianpaolo Antonio Basile, Angelo Quartarone, Antonio Cerasa, Augusto Ielo, Lilla Bonanno, Salvatore Bertino, Giuseppina Rizzo, Demetrio Milardi, Giuseppe Pio Anastasi, Manojkumar Saranathan, Alberto Cacciola   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Histological and Biochemical Alterations in the Superior Colliculus and Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of Juvenile Rats Following Prenatal Exposure to Marijuana Smoke

Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, 2021
Introduction: Prenatal exposure to Marijuana (MJN) has been associated with various brain deficits. The main activity in marijuana, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), crosses the placenta and affects fetal brain development. Despite this, marijuana remains a
Grace Akingbade, Omamuyovwi Ijomone, Sunday Adelakun, Bernard Enaibe   +3 more
doaj