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Nature Immunology, 2011
T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that arises during many chronic infections and cancer. It is defined by poor effector function, sustained expression of inhibitory receptors and a transcriptional state distinct from that of functional effector or memory T cells. Exhaustion prevents optimal control of infection and tumors.
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T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction that arises during many chronic infections and cancer. It is defined by poor effector function, sustained expression of inhibitory receptors and a transcriptional state distinct from that of functional effector or memory T cells. Exhaustion prevents optimal control of infection and tumors.
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Immunology & Cell Biology, 2008
The pool of mature T cells comprises a heterogeneous mixture of naive and memory CD4+ and CD8+ cells. These cells are long lived at a population level but differ markedly in their relative rates of turnover and survival. Here, we review how contact with exogenous stimuli, notably self MHC ligands and various γc cytokines, plays a decisive role in ...
Jonathan, Sprent +3 more
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The pool of mature T cells comprises a heterogeneous mixture of naive and memory CD4+ and CD8+ cells. These cells are long lived at a population level but differ markedly in their relative rates of turnover and survival. Here, we review how contact with exogenous stimuli, notably self MHC ligands and various γc cytokines, plays a decisive role in ...
Jonathan, Sprent +3 more
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International Journal of Immunopharmacology, 1994
T-cell adjuvancy involves the use of agents to stimulate preferentially delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). Traditional adjuvants like Alum, Freunds, muramyl peptides, and endotoxins are not selective. Natural infection (e.g. vaccinia) may yield selective DTH. Low dose cyclophosphamide (CY) with mycobacteria was the first experimental T-cell adjuvant.
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T-cell adjuvancy involves the use of agents to stimulate preferentially delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH). Traditional adjuvants like Alum, Freunds, muramyl peptides, and endotoxins are not selective. Natural infection (e.g. vaccinia) may yield selective DTH. Low dose cyclophosphamide (CY) with mycobacteria was the first experimental T-cell adjuvant.
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Current Opinion in Immunology, 1992
Despite the acceptance of principles such as clonal deletion in the thymus and peripheral clonal anergy, several new issues have arisen in the study of T-cell tolerance. For example, in the case of thymic tolerance, it is now clear that several distinct components of the thymus, including various subsets of thymic epithelial cells, can all make ...
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Despite the acceptance of principles such as clonal deletion in the thymus and peripheral clonal anergy, several new issues have arisen in the study of T-cell tolerance. For example, in the case of thymic tolerance, it is now clear that several distinct components of the thymus, including various subsets of thymic epithelial cells, can all make ...
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Immunological Reviews, 1998
Summary: Like other cells, T cells are dependent on signals from their environment for their survival. Resting T cells are supported in vitro by cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐6 and IL‐7. The latter two cytokines are made constitutively in animals and hence might affect the lifetimes of their resting T cells.
P, Marrack +6 more
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Summary: Like other cells, T cells are dependent on signals from their environment for their survival. Resting T cells are supported in vitro by cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐6 and IL‐7. The latter two cytokines are made constitutively in animals and hence might affect the lifetimes of their resting T cells.
P, Marrack +6 more
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Current Opinion in Immunology, 1992
B-cell proliferation and differentiation is controlled by T helper cells. Recent studies have determined that the expression of a novel, 39 kD, T-cell membrane protein is responsible for inducing T-cell-dependent B-cell activation. The receptor for this protein on the resting B cell is CD40. Once activated, B cells are induced to grow and differentiate
R, Noelle, E C, Snow
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B-cell proliferation and differentiation is controlled by T helper cells. Recent studies have determined that the expression of a novel, 39 kD, T-cell membrane protein is responsible for inducing T-cell-dependent B-cell activation. The receptor for this protein on the resting B cell is CD40. Once activated, B cells are induced to grow and differentiate
R, Noelle, E C, Snow
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Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie, 2007
International ...
Aubin, François, Saas, Philippe
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International ...
Aubin, François, Saas, Philippe
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Current Opinion in Immunology, 2004
Self-reactive T cells that escape negative selection in the thymus must be inactivated in the periphery. Anergy constitutes one means of imposing peripheral tolerance. Anergic T cells are functionally inactivated and unable to initiate a productive response even when antigen is encountered in the presence of full co-stimulation.
Fernando, Macián +3 more
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Self-reactive T cells that escape negative selection in the thymus must be inactivated in the periphery. Anergy constitutes one means of imposing peripheral tolerance. Anergic T cells are functionally inactivated and unable to initiate a productive response even when antigen is encountered in the presence of full co-stimulation.
Fernando, Macián +3 more
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Scientific American, 1993
T cell anergy is a tolerance mechanism in which the lymphocyte is intrinsically functionally inactivated following an antigen encounter, but remains alive for an extended period of time in a hyporesponsive state. Models of T cell anergy affecting both CD4+and CD8+cells fall into two broad categories.
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T cell anergy is a tolerance mechanism in which the lymphocyte is intrinsically functionally inactivated following an antigen encounter, but remains alive for an extended period of time in a hyporesponsive state. Models of T cell anergy affecting both CD4+and CD8+cells fall into two broad categories.
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Current Opinion in Immunology, 1998
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in the thymus select from the repertoire of germline receptors those that will be most useful in mounting responses to antigen in the periphery. Recent data has shed light on the involvement of self peptides presented by the MHC in this process, and has indicated that a requirement for the constant ...
S C, Jameson, M J, Bevan
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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules in the thymus select from the repertoire of germline receptors those that will be most useful in mounting responses to antigen in the periphery. Recent data has shed light on the involvement of self peptides presented by the MHC in this process, and has indicated that a requirement for the constant ...
S C, Jameson, M J, Bevan
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