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The world of food safety is a complex tapestry, woven together by various contaminants and hazards that can compromise consumer well-being. Among these, tetrodotoxin (TTX) stands out as a potent and potentially lethal neurotoxin found in certain marine creatures, notably the pufferfish.
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A concise synthesis of tetrodotoxin
Science, 2022Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a neurotoxic natural product that is an indispensable probe in neuroscience, a biosynthetic and ecological enigma, and a celebrated target of synthetic chemistry. Here, we present a stereoselective synthesis of TTX that proceeds in 22 steps from a glucose derivative.
David B. Konrad +7 more
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2000
Abstract Tetrodotoxin (TIX) is widely known to occur in certain species of puffer fish or globe fish, especially in species be longing to the family Tetraodontidae. TIX is contained primarily in the ovaries and liver, and smaller concentrations are in other organs, such as the intestine and skin, (6). However, the occurrence of TTX is
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Abstract Tetrodotoxin (TIX) is widely known to occur in certain species of puffer fish or globe fish, especially in species be longing to the family Tetraodontidae. TIX is contained primarily in the ovaries and liver, and smaller concentrations are in other organs, such as the intestine and skin, (6). However, the occurrence of TTX is
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Total Synthesis of Tetrodotoxin
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2020AbstractA total synthesis of tetrodotoxin was accomplished. A Diels–Alder reaction between a known enone and a siloxy diene gave a tricyclic product, the steric bias of which was used to construct the remaining stereogenic centers. A nitrogen atom was introduced either by a four‐step sequence involving a Curtius rearrangement, or a three‐step sequence ...
Keigo Murakami +3 more
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11-Oxo-tetrodotoxin and a specifically labelled 3H-Tetrodotoxin
Toxicon, 1996Tetrodotoxin was oxidized to a hydrated aldehyde, 11-oxo-tetrodotoxin, which shares the specificity of tetrodotoxin for the Na+ channel of the isolated voltage-clamped frog skeletal muscle fiber, but is four to five times more potent. It binds to the solubilized Na+ channel of eel electroplax with a similarly higher potency, because of an equilibrium ...
B Q, Wu +5 more
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Tetrodotoxin and neuromuscular transmission
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences, 1967Abstract 1. The puffer fish poison, tetrodotoxin (T. T.) was applied to eliminate impulse propagation in nerve and muscle fibre, and the physiological properties of the neuromuscular junction were studied under this condition. 2. Spontaneous miniature end-plate potentials of normal frequency and amplitude were recorded in the T.
B, Katz, R, Miledi
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On the origins and biosynthesis of tetrodotoxin
Aquatic Toxicology, 2011The potent neurotoxin tetrodotoxin (TTX) has been identified from taxonomically diverse marine organisms. TTX possesses a unique cage-like structure, however, its biosynthesis has yet to be elucidated. Biosynthetic studies in the TTX-producing newt Taricha torosa, and in bacterial genera, including Vibrio, have proven inconclusive.
Rocky, Chau +2 more
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The molecular mystique of tetrodotoxin
Toxicon, 2013In many respects tetrodotoxin (TTX) is the quintessential natural toxin. It is unequivocally toxic to mammals with LD(50) values for mice in the range of 10 μg/kg (intraperitoneal), 16 μg/kg (subcutaneous), and 332 μg/kg (oral) (Kao, 1966). Its biothreat status is recognized by its listing as a "Select Agent" by the US Department of Health and Human ...
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