Results 11 to 20 of about 3,449,298 (255)
Profitable third-party punishment destabilizes cooperation. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S AThird-party punishment is theorized by some scholars to be essential to the evolution of large-scale cooperation, but empirically, it often fails to bring about its desired effects. Here, we suggest that third-party punishment destabilizes cooperation when third parties have profit motives to punish. Across nine economic games and judgment experiments (
Alam R, Rai TS.
europepmc +4 more sources
No third-party punishment in chimpanzees. [PDF]
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2012 Punishment can help maintain cooperation by deterring free-riding and cheating. Of particular importance in large-scale human societies is third-party punishment in which individuals punish a transgressor or norm violator even when they themselves are not affected.
Riedl K, Jensen K, Call J, Tomasello M.
europepmc +7 more sources
Strengths of social ties modulate brain computations for third-party punishment [PDF]
Scientific Reports, 2023 Costly punishment of social norm transgressors by third-parties has been considered as a decisive stage in the evolution of human cooperation. An important facet of social relationship knowledge concerns the strength of the social ties between ...
Zixuan Tang +6 more
doaj +2 more sources
Cognitive and affective processes in children's third-party punishment. [PDF]
Q J Exp Psychol (Hove), 2021 This study investigated how children’s punishment affective states change over time, as well as when children begin to prioritise intentions over outcomes in their punishment decisions. Whereas most prior research sampled children from Anglo-America or Northwestern Europe, we tested 5- to 11-year-old children from Colombia and Spain (N = 123).
Arini RL +8 more
europepmc +6 more sources
The Influence of Social Relationships on Third-Party Punishment: The Roles of Relationship Type Congruence and Threat Perception [PDF]
Behavioral SciencesThird-party punishment involves bystanders voluntarily incurring costs to punish norm violators, thereby maintaining social norms and cooperation. While prior research shows reduced punishment when the bystander and violator are friends, less is known ...
Zhijie Xiang +4 more
doaj +2 more sources
The Neural Correlates of Third-Party Punishment [PDF]
Neuron, 2008 Legal decision-making in criminal contexts includes two essential functions performed by impartial "third parties:" assessing responsibility and determining an appropriate punishment. To explore the neural underpinnings of these processes, we scanned subjects with fMRI while they determined the appropriate punishment for crimes that varied in ...
Jones, Owen D. +6 more
core +7 more sources
The source of punishment matters: Third-party punishment restrains observers from selfish behaviors better than does second-party punishment by shaping norm perceptions. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2020 Punishment aims to deter individuals' selfish behaviors, but it can occasionally backfire. Some scholars have proposed promoting prosocial behaviors using punishment that communicates positive social norms because it provides additional motivation ...
Hezhi Chen, Zhijia Zeng, Jianhong Ma
doaj +2 more sources
Third-party punishment and social norms [PDF]
Evolution and Human Behavior, 2004 We examine the characteristics and the relative strength of third party sanctions in a series of experiments. We hypothesize that egalitarian distribution norms and cooperation norms apply in our experiments, and that third parties, whose economic payoff is unaffected by the norm violation, may be willing to enforce these norms although the enforcement
Ernst Fehr, Urs Fischbacher
exaly +5 more sources
Time Pressure Weakens Social Norm Maintenance in Third-Party Punishment [PDF]
Brain Sciences, 2023 Decision-making under time pressure may better reflect an individual’s response preference, but few studies have examined whether individuals choose to be more selfish or altruistic in a scenario where third-party punishment is essential for maintaining ...
Xing Zhou +7 more
doaj +2 more sources
Third-party punishment promotes fairness in children
Developmental Psychology, 2021 Third-party punishment can promote fair behavior. However, the mechanisms by which this happens are unclear. Third-party punishment may increase fair behavior by providing direct feedback, helping shape the behavior of those punished, or through an influence on reputation, by encouraging the transgressor to behave appropriately before a third-party ...
Justin W. Martin +2 more
openaire +4 more sources