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The transient response of the topside ionosphere to precipitation
Planetary and Space Science, 1977Abstract A numerical time-dependent model of the topside and F -layer ionosphere is used to describe how the density of O + ions and the plasma temperatures change as a result of transient electron precipitation with a soft energy spectrum ( ca . 100 eV per electron). The response time for electron gas heating is about 2 min; for changes in topside
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The topside ionosphere during geomagnetic storms
Proceedings of the IEEE, 1969The state of knowledge of ionospheric storms in the topside ionosphere is reviewed. Although much remains to be understood concerning ionospheric storms, many of the storm-time phenomena can be interpreted in terms of drift motions produced by storm-time currents, and by ambipolar diffusion.
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Statistical Models of Ionospheric Variability and Irregularities in the Topside Ionosphere
The Earth’s ionosphere can be driven by the Sun, the solar wind, the magnetosphere, as well as the neutral atmosphere. These drivers influence the ionosphere on a variety of spatial and temporal scales. The ionosphere is highly dependent on the driving processes and is highly dynamic.Alan Wood +10 more
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A Review of Electrostatic Waves in the Topside Ionosphere
1983The observations of electrostatic waves in the topside ionosphere are reviewed with emphasis on those modes in which ions participate.
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IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2020
Alessio Pignalberi +2 more
exaly
Alessio Pignalberi +2 more
exaly
The HF Environment in the Topside Ionosphere
1981 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1981Charles M. Rush, Arthur D. Spaulding
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