Results 91 to 100 of about 21,878,726 (386)
Using marginal structural models to adjust for treatment drop-in when developing clinical prediction models [PDF]
arXiv, 2017 Objectives: Clinical prediction models (CPMs) can inform decision-making concerning treatment initiation. Here, one requires predicted risks assuming that no treatment is given. This is challenging since CPMs are often derived in datasets where patients receive treatment; moreover, treatment can commence post-baseline - treatment drop-ins.
arxiv
Individualized treatment rules under stochastic treatment cost constraints [PDF]
arXiv, 2022 Estimation and evaluation of individualized treatment rules have been studied extensively, but real-world treatment resource constraints have received limited attention in existing methods. We investigate a setting in which treatment is intervened upon based on covariates to optimize the mean counterfactual outcome under treatment cost constraints when
arxiv
Respiratory Medicine, 2005 The multicomponent nature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has provided a challenging environment in which to develop successful treatments. A combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches is used to combat this problem, and an overview of these approaches and their possible future direction is given.
Hanania, Nicola A. +5 more
openaire +4 more sources
Identification and Estimation of Local Average Treatment Effects
, 1994 We investigate conditions sufficient for identification of average treatment effects using instrumental variables. First we show that the existence of valid instruments is not sufficient to identify any meaningful average treatment effect.
J. Angrist, G. Imbens
semanticscholar +1 more source
Taurine promotes glucagon‐like peptide‐1 secretion in enteroendocrine L cells
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.Taurine, a sulfur‐containing amino acid, is likely taken up by enteroendocrine L cells via the taurine transporter. This process increases the levels of cytosolic ATP. The increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 secretion through membrane depolarization is caused by the closure of ATP‐sensitive potassium channels ...
Yuri Osuga +6 more
wiley +1 more source
World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2018 Background Gastric cancer is the fifth most prevalent and the third most lethal cancer worldwide, causing approximately 720,000 deaths annually. Although most cases of gastric cancers are sporadic, one of its inherited forms, hereditary diffuse gastric ...
Olsi Gjyshi +7 more
doaj +1 more source
International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine, 2022 Background: The success rate of infertility treatment depends on many different factors. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the improvement of pregnancy outcomes in participants with repeated implantation
Elaheh Baybordi +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Deep Treatment-Adaptive Network for Causal Inference [PDF]
arXiv, 2021 Causal inference is capable of estimating the treatment effect (i.e., the causal effect of treatment on the outcome) to benefit the decision making in various domains. One fundamental challenge in this research is that the treatment assignment bias in observational data.
arxiv
FEBS Letters, EarlyView.The NlpC_P60 superfamily of peptidases is recognised by its key role in bacterial cell wall homeostasis. Recently, studies have also described the involvement of NlpC_P60‐like enzymes in bacterial competitive mechanisms and pathogenesis across several lineages.
Catharina dos Santos Silva +1 more
wiley +1 more source
Military Medical Research, 2017 Background Recruit training sites are places with a high incidence of respiratory infectious diseases. Effective surveillance for acute respiratory infectious diseases in a recruit training site is an important way to prevent disease outbreaks.
Wei-Wei Chen +6 more
doaj +1 more source