Results 151 to 160 of about 9,643 (217)

Obligation, Exemption and Remission: The Multi‐Layered Functioning of the Poll Tax (Cizye) in Ottoman Governance during the Long Eighteenth Century

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract This article examines the poll tax (Ottoman Turkish cizye; Arabic jizya) levied on non‐Muslim subjects of the Ottoman Empire, not as a fixed, one‐dimensional tax item within the Ottoman fiscal system but as a multi‐layered administrative instrument organized around obligation, exemption and remission.
ÖZLEM BAŞARIR
wiley   +1 more source

Non‐Career Ambassador Appointments: Transformations in Turkish Diplomacy during the 1920s and 1930s

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract During the early years of the Turkish Republic, the establishment of foreign missions, the assignment of new diplomats to these missions as well as the inheritance of experiences, diplomats, buildings and other assets from the Ottoman Empire were matters of major political concern.
Evren Küçük
wiley   +1 more source

Hunting in the Ghaznavid State: Courtly Culture, Military Practices and Political Power

open access: yesHistory, EarlyView.
Abstract Hunting occupied an important place in the royal court culture of the Ghaznavid state (963–1186 CE). Ghaznavid hunting culture developed through the interaction of Turkic‐Islamic political traditions, Persianate models of kingship and local ecological settings. Rather than constituting a fully formalized institution, Ghaznavid hunting practice
Arslan Durdu
wiley   +1 more source

Unequal Family Ties, Wealth Transmission and Social Mobility Among Congolese Traders in Kinshasa

open access: yesThe British Journal of Sociology, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Based on ethnographic fieldwork among Congolese traders operating in Kinshasa's urban economy, this article examines how differentiated family ties and wealth transmission shape social mobility and the intergenerational reproduction of inequality. We show that family support is neither uniform nor equally productive: its effects depend on both
Héritier Mesa, Joël Noret
wiley   +1 more source

Integrative Psychotherapy of Emotional and Psychosomatic Regulation: Promoting Transformational Processes1

open access: yesJournal of Analytical Psychology, EarlyView.
Abstract This article outlines an integrative, trauma‐oriented, polyvagal‐informed framework for psychodynamic psychotherapy. In this approach, patients are inherently motivated to overcome entrenched, repetitive patterns, seeking to restore a sense of safety that was lost during developmental phases.
Andrea Fontana   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

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