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The evolutionary conflict between retroviruses and their vertebrate hosts over millions of years has led to the emergence of cellular innate immune proteins termed restriction factors as well as their viral antagonists.
Guney Boso, Christine A. Kozak
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IFITM proteins restrict viral membrane hemifusion.
The interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) protein family represents a new class of cellular restriction factors that block early stages of viral replication; the underlying mechanism is currently not known.
Kun Li +12 more
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Regulation of viral replication by host restriction factors
Viral infectious diseases, caused by numerous viruses including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza A virus (IAV), enterovirus (EV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human papillomavirus
Ying Lin +11 more
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Host-dependent restriction of mengovirus replication. II. Effect of host restriction on late viral RNA synthesis and viral maturation [PDF]
Restricted mengovirus replication in Mandin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells is characterized by a 400-fold reduction in infectious virus yield and a 40-fold increase in the production of noninfectious virus. Using conditions which insure that all MDBK cells are infected, virus-specific RNA and protein synthesis were measured in the restrictive host ...
Suzanne O. Prather, Michael W. Taylor
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Tethering Viral Restriction to Signal Transduction [PDF]
Tetherin serves as an innate sensor of viral infection in addition to its role in inhibiting virus release from infected cells. In this issue, Galão et al. (2014) provide important insights into the mechanism of virus-induced signal transduction by tetherin.
Juan F. Arias, David T. Evans
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FAM111A induces nuclear dysfunction in disease and viral restriction. [PDF]
Mutations in the nuclear trypsin-like serine protease FAM111A cause Kenny-Caffey syndrome (KCS2) with hypoparathyroidism and skeletal dysplasia or perinatally lethal osteocraniostenosis (OCS). In addition, FAM111A was identified as a restriction factor for certain host range mutants of the SV40 polyomavirus and VACV orthopoxvirus.
Nie M +5 more
europepmc +6 more sources
IgG2a restriction of murine antibodies elicited by viral infections. [PDF]
The isotypic distribution of IgG antibodies was determined in the serum of mice after infection with a panel of RNA and DNA viruses representative of 11 different genera. The antiviral response induced by all these viruses showed a striking preponderance of the IgG2a subclass whatever the strain of mice tested or the time elapsed after infection ...
J P Coutelier +4 more
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H-2 antigen restriction of viral infection (reply) [PDF]
Ertl, H., Koszinowski, Ulrich H.
core +5 more sources
Viral restriction goes nuclear [PDF]
Andrew Jermy
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DDX50 Is a Viral Restriction Factor That Enhances IRF3 Activation. [PDF]
The transcription factors IRF3 and NF-κB are crucial in innate immune signalling in response to many viral and bacterial pathogens. However, mechanisms leading to their activation remain incompletely understood. Viral RNA can be detected by RLR receptors, such as RIG-I and MDA5, and the dsRNA receptor TLR3.
Pallett MA, Lu Y, Smith GL.
europepmc +5 more sources

