Host Restriction of Lentiviruses and Viral Countermeasures: APOBEC3 and Vif [PDF]
Viruses, 2013 It is becoming increasingly clear that organisms have developed a variety of mechanisms to fight against viral infection. The viruses have developed means of counteracting these defences in various ways. The APOBEC3 proteins are a mammalian-specific family of nucleic acid cytidine deaminases that block retroviral infection.
Valgerdur Andrésdóttir +1 more
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Hepatitis B Virus Protein X Induces Degradation of Talin-1
Viruses, 2016 In the infected human hepatocyte, expression of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) accessory protein X (HBx) is essential to maintain viral replication in vivo.
Maarten A. A. van de Klundert +3 more
doaj +1 more source
Identification of potential HIV restriction factors by combining evolutionary genomic signatures with functional analyses. [PDF]
, 2015 BACKGROUND: Known antiretroviral restriction factors are encoded by genes that are under positive selection pressure, induced during HIV-1 infection, up-regulated by interferons, and/or interact with viral proteins.
Ciuffi, A. +16 more
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Diverse fates of uracilated HIV-1 DNA during infection of myeloid lineage cells
eLife, 2016 We report that a major subpopulation of monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) contains high levels of dUTP, which is incorporated into HIV-1 DNA during reverse transcription (U/A pairs), resulting in pre-integration restriction and post-integration ...
Erik C Hansen +11 more
doaj +1 more source
Synthetic lethal mutations in the cyclin A interface of human cytomegalovirus. [PDF]
PLoS Pathogens, 2017 Generally, the antagonism between host restriction factors and viral countermeasures decides on cellular permissiveness or resistance to virus infection.
Henry Weisbach +5 more
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Plasma Membrane-Associated Restriction Factors and Their Counteraction by HIV-1 Accessory Proteins. [PDF]
, 2019 The plasma membrane is a site of conflict between host defenses and many viruses. One aspect of this conflict is the host's attempt to eliminate infected cells using innate and adaptive cell-mediated immune mechanisms that recognize features of the ...
Guatelli, John +5 more
core +1 more source
Hijacking of the Ubiquitin/Proteasome Pathway by the HIV Auxiliary Proteins
Viruses, 2017 The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) ensures regulation of the protein pool in the cell by ubiquitination of proteins followed by their degradation by the proteasome.
Tanja Seissler +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Cofilin Activation in Peripheral CD4 T Cells of HIV-1 Infected Patients: A Pilot Study [PDF]
, 2008 Cofilin is an actin-depolymerizing factor that regulates actin dynamics critical for T cell migration and T cell activation. In unstimulated resting CD4 T cells, cofilin exists largely as a phosphorylated inactive form.
Barrett, Tracey +7 more
core +3 more sources
IgG2a restriction of murine antibodies elicited by viral infections. [PDF]
The Journal of experimental medicine, 1987 The isotypic distribution of IgG antibodies was determined in the serum of mice after infection with a panel of RNA and DNA viruses representative of 11 different genera. The antiviral response induced by all these viruses showed a striking preponderance of the IgG2a subclass whatever the strain of mice tested or the time elapsed after infection ...
Coutelier, Jean-Paul +4 more
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TRIM5α restricts poxviruses and is antagonized by CypA and the viral protein C6
Nature, 2023 AbstractHuman tripartite motif protein 5α (TRIM5α) is a well-characterized restriction factor for some RNA viruses, including HIV1–5; however, reports are limited for DNA viruses6,7. Here we demonstrate that TRIM5α also restricts orthopoxviruses and, via its SPRY domain, binds to the orthopoxvirus capsid protein L3 to diminish virus replication and ...
Zhao, Yiqi +5 more
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