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Using problem formulation to clarify the meaning of weight of evidence and biological relevance in environmental risk assessments for genetically modified crops. [PDF]
GM Crops Food, 2019 Raybould A, Holt K, Kimber I.
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Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 1954
PART OF the clinician's job is to gather evidence; another part is to interpret it. Practically all of us are teachers of pediatrics, at least in the bonds of the Hippocratic oath if not actually on a university payroll. As such we have the dual responsibility of evaluating clinical evidence in the course of our own work with patients and of teaching ...
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PART OF the clinician's job is to gather evidence; another part is to interpret it. Practically all of us are teachers of pediatrics, at least in the bonds of the Hippocratic oath if not actually on a university payroll. As such we have the dual responsibility of evaluating clinical evidence in the course of our own work with patients and of teaching ...
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JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, 1970
My lords, the happenings of this case are, to wit: Robert the Surgeon, of Friday Street, rented a house and tavern to one Symon, in St. Martin's parish, there to conduct his trade. Said Symon had a servant, Roger from Westminster, who, in the night following St.
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My lords, the happenings of this case are, to wit: Robert the Surgeon, of Friday Street, rented a house and tavern to one Symon, in St. Martin's parish, there to conduct his trade. Said Symon had a servant, Roger from Westminster, who, in the night following St.
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2021
Abstract This chapter analyzes and operationalizes a concept of “weight” as denoting the relative degree to which evidence has been developed on the basis of which to determine disputed claims. This concept was coined by John Maynard Keynes and later applied in the context of judicial proof by a number of scholars.
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Abstract This chapter analyzes and operationalizes a concept of “weight” as denoting the relative degree to which evidence has been developed on the basis of which to determine disputed claims. This concept was coined by John Maynard Keynes and later applied in the context of judicial proof by a number of scholars.
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Weight-of-Evidence Environmental Risk Assessment
2017In this chapter, the data generated within MODUM and other related projects, i.e. CHEMSEA, MERCW and NordStream, contributing to the knowledge and data on occurrence, toxicity and effects of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) and their metabolites in the Baltic Sea, are aggregated. The data are evaluated and assessed in terms of risk quotients, and whether
Fauser, Patrik +2 more
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Weighted Evidence Approach of Bridging Study
Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics, 2012The ICH E5 Guidance facilitates the registration of medicine among ICH regions by recommending a framework for evaluating the impact of ethnic factors upon a medicine's effect. It further describes the use of bridging studies, when necessary, to allow extrapolation of foreign clinical data to a new region. Bridging studies are performed in a new region
Hsiao-Hui, Tsou +4 more
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2021
Courts of law must weigh evidence to determine the likelihood of competing interpretations of past events, and different legal contexts require different standards of proof, but this falls short of a quantification of probability. Bayes’s theorem and the associated formula provide a way of combining multiple elements of evidence and using them to ...
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Courts of law must weigh evidence to determine the likelihood of competing interpretations of past events, and different legal contexts require different standards of proof, but this falls short of a quantification of probability. Bayes’s theorem and the associated formula provide a way of combining multiple elements of evidence and using them to ...
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Selenium effects: A weight-of-evidence approach
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 2007Abstract Selenium is increasingly an issue for a wide range of mining, industrial, and agricultural operations. Appropriate methods for evaluating the impacts of selenium in aquatic ecosystems are vigorously debated in the literature. Two common approaches include the use of tissue residue guidelines and reproductive toxicity testing ...
Blair G, McDonald, Peter M, Chapman
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2023
Abstract This chapter describes the metrics used in assessing the significance of a DNA match: the random match probability (RMP) and the likelihood ratio (LR). It explains how these numerical estimates are calculated and what assumptions are used.
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Abstract This chapter describes the metrics used in assessing the significance of a DNA match: the random match probability (RMP) and the likelihood ratio (LR). It explains how these numerical estimates are calculated and what assumptions are used.
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Episteme, 2008
ABSTRACTInterest in the Keynesian concept of evidential weight has led to divergent views concerning the burden of proof in adjudication. It is argued that Keynes's concept is properly engaged only in the context of one special kind of decision, the decision whether or not the evidence is ripe for a decision on the underlying merits, whether the latter
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ABSTRACTInterest in the Keynesian concept of evidential weight has led to divergent views concerning the burden of proof in adjudication. It is argued that Keynes's concept is properly engaged only in the context of one special kind of decision, the decision whether or not the evidence is ripe for a decision on the underlying merits, whether the latter
openaire +1 more source