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Although animal welfare is practised as a modern interdisciplinary science, it originates in philosophical theories of ‘the good life’ and values from social movements. We provide a brief introduction to the predominant theories of animal welfare and relate these to the challenges of assessing the welfare of GM/GE animals that might have altered ...
Anna Kornum +3 more
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ANIMAL WELFARE FROM MOUSE TO MOOSE—IMPLEMENTING THE PRINCIPLES OF THE 3RS IN WILDLIFE RESEARCH
The concept of the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) was originally developed for improving laboratory animal welfare and is well known in biomedical and toxicologic research.
Asa Fahlman, Elin Tornqvist
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The new paradigm in animal testing – “3Rs alternatives”
Regulatory studies have revolutionised over time. Today, the focus has shifted from animal toxicity testing to non-animal for regulatory safety testing.
Johnson Stanslas
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Total synthesis of (3R,5R) and (3R,5S)-sonnerlactones
Tetrahedron Letters, 2016In this Letter, an enantioselective synthesis of (3R,5R)-sonnerlactone and (3R,5S)-sonnerlactone have been described. Stereochemistry at C-5 position was fixed using a suitable proline catalyzed reaction during the synthesis of aliphatic segment. To accomplish this target, Mitsunobu reaction for inversion of a stereocentre and ring-closing metathesis ...
Chakrapani Sanaboina +3 more
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The increasing industrialisation and fast growth do not only pose problems related to the allocation of resources and powers, but also severely challenge the natural environment. Environmental degradation such as contaminated water, sinking groundwater levels, unhealthy soils, and polluted air has become a harsh reality in many parts of the world.
Sunanda Vincent Jaiwant +2 more
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Sunanda Vincent Jaiwant +2 more
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Perturbations and 3R in carbon management
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2016Perturbations in various carbon pools like biological, geological, oceanic, and missing carbon sink affect its global data, which are generally neglected or ignored in routine calculations. These natural and anthropogenic events need to be considered before projecting a sustainable carbon management plan.
Deepak, Pant +5 more
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Back rehabilitation – The 3R's approach
Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 2020Exercise is vital to the management of low back pain (LBP). However, research, social media, and fitness industry interests can leave therapists confused about best practice in exercise prescription for this clinical condition. The 3R's approach to back rehabilitation is introduced as an evidence-based framework for developing patient specific exercise
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The 3Rs Program: The Colorado Experience
Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology, 2008COPIC Insurance Company is a Colorado-based medical liability carrier. From October of 2000 to the present, it has employed an early intervention program called the 3Rs program standing for recognize, respond, and resolve. The program emphasizes disclosure, transparency, apology, and patient benefits. The origins of the program, its operational aspects,
Richert E, Quinn, Mary C, Eichler
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The 3Rs: A student perspective
Medical Teacher, 2015Julian, Cumberworth, Alex, Cumberworth
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