Results 71 to 80 of about 1,029,186 (289)

Coherent X-rays reveal the influence of cage effects on ultrafast water dynamics

Nature Communications, 2018
The dynamics of liquid water is rich due to its complex, highly disordered hydrogen-bond network, which hasn’t been fully understood. Perakis et al. measure water dynamics at sub-100 fs and show that it cannot be described by simple thermal motion due to
Fivos Perakis, Gaia Camisasca, Thomas J. Lane, Alexander Späh, Kjartan Thor Wikfeldt, Jonas A. Sellberg, Felix Lehmkühler, Harshad Pathak, Kyung Hwan Kim, Katrin Amann-Winkel, Simon Schreck, Sanghoon Song, Takahiro Sato, Marcin Sikorski, Andre Eilert, Trevor McQueen, Hirohito Ogasawara, Dennis Nordlund, Wojciech Roseker, Jake Koralek, Silke Nelson, Philip Hart, Roberto Alonso-Mori, Yiping Feng, Diling Zhu, Aymeric Robert, Gerhard Grübel, Lars G. M. Pettersson, Anders Nilsson   +28 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Brief Review of Plasma Wakefield Acceleration [PDF]

arXiv, 2019
Plasma Wakefield Accelerators promise huge acceleration gradients that are three orders of magnitude greater than today's conventional radio frequency (RF) accelerators. These novel accelerators show also the potential of diminishing the size of the future accelerators nearly by the same factor.
arxiv  

Physical signatures of fermion-coupled axion dark matter

Journal of High Energy Physics
In the presence of axion dark matter, fermion spins experience an “axion wind” torque and an “axioelectric” force. We investigate new experimental probes of these effects and find that magnetized analogs of multilayer dielectric haloscopes can explore ...
Asher Berlin, Alexander J. Millar, Tanner Trickle, Kevin Zhou   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Plasma Wake Acceleration [PDF]

, 2017
These proceedings are of interest to staff and students in accelerator laboratories, university departments and companies working in or having an interest in the field of new acceleration techniques. Following introductory lectures on plasma and laser physics, the course covers the different components of a plasma wake accelerator and plasma beam ...
arxiv   +1 more source

Axion dark matter detection by superconducting resonant frequency conversion

Journal of High Energy Physics, 2020
We propose an approach to search for axion dark matter with a specially designed superconducting radio frequency cavity, targeting axions with masses m a ≲ 10 −6 eV. Our approach exploits axion-induced transitions between nearly degenerate resonant modes
Asher Berlin, Raffaele Tito D’Agnolo, Sebastian A. R. Ellis, Christopher Nantista, Jeffrey Neilson, Philip Schuster, Sami Tantawi, Natalia Toro, Kevin Zhou   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Brief Introduction to Particle Accelerators [PDF]

arXiv, 2020
This lecture is a brief introduction to charged particle accelerators. The aim is to provide the reader with basic concepts and tools needed to describe the motion of charged particles under the action of guiding and focussing fields, with an emphasis on those aspects that are relevant to understanding and quantifying how accelerator vacuum systems ...
arxiv  

Evaluation of the glottic surface dose in three‐dimensional conformal radiotherapy for early‐stage glottic cancer using a treatment planning system

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT Background In radiotherapy for early‐stage glottic cancer, evaluating the target surface dose at the glottic air–tissue boundary is crucial, as buildup effect can cause underdosing. The accuracy of dose evaluation in the surrounding tissues is affected by both the dose calculation algorithms and the accuracy of the Hounsfield unit values in ...
Yuki Saito, Takahiro Kanehira, Takahito Yuki, Miyako Myojin   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

Enhanced dose prediction for head and neck cancer artificial intelligence‐driven radiotherapy based on transfer learning with limited training data

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, EarlyView.
Abstract Purpose Training deep learning dose prediction models for the latest cutting‐edge radiotherapy techniques, such as AI‐based nodal radiotherapy (AINRT) and Daily Adaptive AI‐based nodal radiotherapy (DA‐AINRT), is challenging due to limited data.
Hui‐Ju Wang, Austen Maniscalco, David Sher, Mu‐Han Lin, Steve Jiang, Dan Nguyen   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

The non-relativistic effective field theory of dark matter-electron interactions

Journal of High Energy Physics
Electronic excitations in atomic, molecular, and crystal targets are at the forefront of the ongoing search for light, sub-GeV dark matter (DM). In many light DM-electron interactions the energy and momentum deposited is much smaller than the electron ...
Gordan Krnjaic, Duncan Rocha, Tanner Trickle   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Assessing proton plans with three different beam delivery systems versus photon plans for head and neck tumors

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, EarlyView.
Abstract Purpose To compare plan quality among photon volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity‐modulated proton therapy (IMPT) with robustness using three different proton beam delivery systems with various spot size (σ) ranges: cyclotron‐generated proton beams (CPBs) (σ: 2.7–7.0 mm), linear accelerator proton beams (LPBs) (σ: 2.9–5.5 mm),
Tara Gray, Chieh‐Wen Liu, Saeed Ahmed, Anna Maria Kolano, Jeremy Donaghue, Shlomo Koyfman, Neil Woody, Shauna R. Campbell, Jonathan B. Farr, Ping Xia   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source