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Glucans as Immunological Adjuvants
1995β-1,3-Linked glucopyranose (β-glucan), a major structural component of yeast, fungi, and algae [1], has a wide range of biological activities. Systemic administration of β-glucan (1) provides nonspecific resistance in experimental animals against a variety of pathogenic challenges [2–7]; (2) prolongs the survival time of tumor-bearing animals [8,9]; (3)
Linda Dousman +11 more
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Potentiality of gelatin microsphere as immunological adjuvant
Vaccine, 1995This paper describes a new attempt to enhance the production of antibody by delivery of an antigen to phagocytic antigen-presenting cells (e.g. macrophages) using gelatin microspheres. A model protein antigen, human gamma globulin (HGG), was incorporated into microspheres composed of gelatin which have an opsonic ability for macrophage phagocytosis ...
Yoshito Ikada +2 more
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Immunology and Adjuvant Chemoimmunotherapy of Breast Cancer
Archives of Surgery, 1976Antibody against a breast carcinoma antigen was present in patients with breast carcinoma and other cancer more often (P less than .05) than in normal women. The incidence of antibody in women with breast carcinoma correlated with the presence or absence of gross tumor, and the titer of antibody paralleled the clinical course.
Frank C. Sparks +5 more
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Polymerized Micelles and Their Use as Adjuvants in Immunology
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1976A polymerization process is described for the preparation of hydrophilic micelles containing solubilized drug molecules in a colloidal aqueous system of dissolved monomers. A hydrocarbon medium constitutes the outer phase. After secondary solubilization with the aid of selected surfactants, polymerization of micelles under different conditions takes ...
G. Birrenbach, P.P. Speiser
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Adjuvant-free immunological manipulation of livestock
Research in Veterinary Science, 1984Mice and sheep were immunised to growth hormone release inhibiting hormone (GHRIH) using a number of systems which avoided conventional adjuvants. GHRIH was linked directly, or via a horse IgG carrier, to algin or purified protein derivative of tuberculin. A conjugate of GHRIH and flagella from Salmonella dublin was also prepared.
B.N. Perry, C.A. Morrison, J. Williams
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Immunological adjuvants: a role for liposomes
Immunology Today, 1990Recent technological advances have resulted in the production of safe subunit and synthetic small peptide vaccines. These vaccines are weakly or non-immunogenic and cannot, therefore, be used effectively in the absence of immunological adjuvants (agents that can induce strong immunity to antigens).
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Immunological Mechanism and Clinical Application of PAMP Adjuvants
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery, 2021Background:The host innate immune system can recognize Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs) through Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs), thereby initiating innate immune responses and subsequent adaptive immune responses. PAMPs can be developed as a vaccine adjuvant for modulating and optimizing antigen-specific immune responses, especially ...
Yu Yan, Dan Yao, Xiaoyu Li
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Viruses as immunological adjuvants in cancer
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer, 1974Abstract Homogenates of tumor cells infected with certain viruses are more immunogenic than similar extracts from noninfected cells. This phenomenon has been most thoroughly studied with nonspecific tumors and influenza virus, but it has also been shown with strain-specific tumors and other viruses.
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Immunology of TLR-independent vaccine adjuvants
Current Opinion in Immunology, 2009Vaccine adjuvants target the innate immune system to enhance the immunogenicity of coadministered antigens. Dendritic cells (DCs) are responsible for antigen uptake and presentation to naïve T cells and represent a key target of adjuvant activity. Adjuvants derived from microbial components, such as Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, elicit innate ...
Ennio De Gregorio +2 more
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Co-stimulatory agonists as immunological adjuvants
Vaccine, 2006The considerable advances made in the fields of molecular biology, genomics, proteomics and protein engineering have led to the identification of a vast range of potential vaccine antigens for a host of man's most serious diseases. However, experience informs us that vaccines based on recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides lack the immunogenicity ...
Andrew W. Heath +2 more
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